Ignition delay times of live and dead pinus radiata needles

Reszka, Pedro; Cruz, J.J.; Valdivia, José Miguel; González, Freddy A.; Rivera, José Ignacio; Carvajal, C.; Fuentes, A.

doi:10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.102948

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…8), but not live twigs and stems, showing the expedited water escape from dead woody material and suggesting a considerably higher water retention by live compared to dead material. The results reported in the current work partially align with results reported in other studies, which highlighted longer ignition times but lower intensities in live fuel (Jervis and Rein 2016;Reszka et al 2020;Ramadhan et al 2021), though their results cannot be compared directly due to the live fuels having higher moisture content in these studies. Our findings are also consistent with results reported by Zhao et al (2014) where intact, undecomposed dead twigs dried out slower and took more time to ignite than partially decomposed dead twigs of the same moisture content.…”

Section: Effect Of Live and Dead Fuelsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Therefore, water transport throughout xylem structure during combustion in an intact living shrub may affect flammability of live tissue, further contributing to differences between live and dead fuel. Nevertheless, the ability to test live and dead fuels at equivalent moisture content in this study made it possible to evaluate the effect of condition without the confounding effect of moisture content, addressing the challenges faced by previous research (Pickett et al 2010;Reszka et al 2020) in matching moisture contents of live and dead fuels. This approach underscores the contribution of our research to the understanding of fuel flammability beyond the lens of moisture content alone, as highlighted in other investigations (Jolly et al 2012;Ramadhan et al 2021).…”

Section: Effect Of Live and Dead Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No direct comparison between live and dead fuels was carried out due to drastically different moisture content ranges of live (4-120%) and dead (3-14%) fuels during the experiments. Reszka et al (2020) rehydrated dead pine needles using a climate chamber to a moisture content of 18%, and compared their ignitibility to that of live needles with 60-131% moisture content. McAllister et al (2012) point out the lack of data within the moisture content range of 0-65% for field-collected live fuel specimens, which hinders the evaluation of the relationship between time to ignition and moisture content in its lower range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of live/dead condition, moisture content and particle size on flammability of gorse (Ulex europaeus) measured with a cone calorimeter

Melnik,

Valencia,

Katurji

et al. 2024

Int. J. Wildland Fire

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Background Live fuel comprises a significant portion of the fuel consumed in forest and scrub crown fires. However, its flammability remains poorly understood. Although live fuel differs from dead fuel in moisture content, chemical composition, cellular structure and physiological characteristics, its higher moisture content masks the effect of other characteristics on its flammability. Aims The aim of the study was to delineate and assess the effects of live/dead condition, moisture content and particle size on flammability of gorse (Ulex europaeus L.). Methods Live and dead gorse material of three size classes (0–3, 3–6, and 6–10 mm in diameter) at six moisture contents (0, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) was tested in a cone calorimeter to evaluate its flammability using new sample preparation and moisture conditioning techniques. Key results On average, live fuel ignited 21% slower, reached 11% higher peak heat release rate, and had a 12% shorter burn duration than dead fuel of the same moisture content. These differences were most pronounced in coarser material. Conclusions For gorse, fine dead fuels increase the likelihood of ignition, fine live fuels contribute to high burning intensities, and coarser live and dead fuels prolong combustion. Implications These findings highlight the need to account for flammability differences between live and dead fuels in fire behaviour models beyond those driven by variations in moisture content.

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Section: Effect Of Live and Dead Fuelsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Effect Of Live and Dead Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of live/dead condition, moisture content and particle size on flammability of gorse (Ulex europaeus) measured with a cone calorimeter

Melnik,

Valencia,

Katurji

et al. 2024

Int. J. Wildland Fire

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“…Intermittent and continuous ignition of pinus radiata needles (live, dead, a mixture of dried and re-moistened needles) is studied in [136]. The ignition delay times with the corresponding confidence intervals were obtained depending on the applied heat flux.…”

Section: Forest Fuel Ignitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest Fuel Drying, Pyrolysis and Ignition Processes during Forest Fire: A Review

Baranovskiy

Kirienko

2022

Processes

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Forest ecosystems perform several functions that are necessary for maintaining the integrity of the planet’s ecosystem. Forest fires are thus a significant danger to all living things. Forest fire fighting is a foreground task for modern society. Forest fire prediction is one of the most effective ways to solve this urgent issue. Modern prediction systems need to be developed in order to increase the quality of prediction; therefore, it is necessary to generalize knowledge about the processes occurring during a fire. This article discusses the key features of the processes prior to forest fuel ignition (drying and pyrolysis) and the ignition itself, as well as approaches to their experimental and mathematical modeling.

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“…Experimental studies devoted to the investigation of the biomass ignition and combustion processes are also of great importance. The obtained data make it possible to determine the typical temperatures and ignition delay times of the samples and to estimate the regularities of this process [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. It was noted that the ignition of living and dead fuels occurs in different ways due to the moisture content in the samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Simulation of Forest Fuel Pyrolysis in One-Dimensional Statement Taking into Account Soot Formation

Baranovskiy

Kirienko

2021

Processes

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Pyrolysis (thermal decomposition) is considered as the most important stage of a forest fire before direct forest fuel ignition. This process is accompanied by soot particle formation. Such particles have a negative impact on public health in the vicinity of forest fires. The purpose of this article was to investigate the heat and mass transfer process occurring in a typical forest fuel element (birch leaf). The pyrolysis and soot formation processes were taken into account, and various forest fire scenarios were considered. Computational experiments were carried out using the high-level programming language Delphi. Heat and mass transfer processes were described by nonlinear non-stationary differential heat conduction equations with corresponding initial and boundary conditions. The differential equations were solved by the finite difference method. Nonlinearity was resolved using a simple iteration. The main results of the research were (1) physical and mathematical models proposed for modeling forest fuel pyrolysis, taking into account soot formation and conditions corresponding to various forest fires; (2) a computer program coded in the high-level programming language Delphi; (3) the obtained temperature distributions over leaf thickness; (4) volume fractions obtained for various components dependent on time and space coordinates. The qualitative analysis of the dependencies showed that the temperature distributions in the birch leaf structure are similar for all forest fire types and differ only in absolute value. The intensity of the soot formation process directly depends on the forest fire type. The presented results should be useful in predicting and assessing forest fire danger, including near the facilities of the Russian Railways.

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Ignition delay times of live and dead pinus radiata needles

Cited by 18 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of live/dead condition, moisture content and particle size on flammability of gorse (Ulex europaeus) measured with a cone calorimeter

Effect of live/dead condition, moisture content and particle size on flammability of gorse (Ulex europaeus) measured with a cone calorimeter

Forest Fuel Drying, Pyrolysis and Ignition Processes during Forest Fire: A Review

Mathematical Simulation of Forest Fuel Pyrolysis in One-Dimensional Statement Taking into Account Soot Formation

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