II. An Examination of the Relation Between Symptoms, Disability, and Serious Illness, in Two Homogeneous Groups of Men and Women

Hinkle, Lawrence E.; Redmont, Ruth; Plummer, Norman; Wolff, Harold G.

doi:10.2105/ajph.50.9.1327

Cited by 70 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Both the popular and scientific literatures report that women live longer than men (22,39,45,49,53,54,64,76,79,83,94,98,106,110,114,119,125), but also report more illness than men (18,21,32,40,52,62,69,70,106,110,119). Why do these sex differentials in morbidity and mortality occur?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sex Differential in Morbidity, Mortality, and Lifestyle

Wingard¹

1984

Annu. Rev. Public Health

302

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sex Differential in Morbidity, Mortality, and Lifestyle

Wingard¹

1984

Annu. Rev. Public Health

302

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“…The relationship between culture and disease is highly complex and hence the difficulties inherent in the compilation of morbidity statistics are considerable. Hinkle et al (1960) have pointed out that the number of symptoms experienced is much greater than those brought to a physician's attention. Nevertheless, women's rates of utilization of almost all health care services are higher than men's (Hicks, 1976).…”

Section: Introduction (A) Sex Differences In Morbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in psychological well-being

Briscoe¹

1982

Psychol. Med. Monogr. Suppl.

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SYNOPSIS General practice prevalence figures indicate that there are between two and three women suffering from minor psychiatric illness for every man thus diagnosed. This study aims to explore possible reasons for this excess. The focus is on examining sex differences in the expression of feelings as well as symptoms, primarily in a sample of married couples selected from general practice (and characterized by a high proportion of individuals with manifest psychological difficulties) but also in a random population sample (which includes single as well as married people).The measures used include assessments of health together with indices of emotional responsiveness such as degree of satisfaction with various life domains, avowed happiness and the Affect Balance Scale, which have been developed by research workers whose interests lie mainly beyond the clinical sphere in monitoring the ' quality of life' experienced by the general population through the use of 'subjective social indicators'. These social survey techniques are here used with a more clinical orientation to give a broad focus to the question of sex differences in emotional responsiveness.The results indicate that women are, on the whole, more likely to express their feelings (both pleasant and unpleasant) than men. Men with manifest psychological problems are found to be comparatively rare and, unlike their female counterparts, "they show a drop in positive feelings of well-being rather than a rise in unpleasant feelings, as compared with the general population. Two specific groups to emerge with particularly low levels of psychological well-being are full-time housewives and older single men. It is concluded that there are underlying factors of a biological and/or social nature which predispose the sexes to show different degrees of affective response, upon which such additional influences as the frustrations of the housewife role are super-imposed.

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“…For example, an observational study carried out over 25 years showed that men had more incidents of severe illness, but women took more time off work and this difference was attributed to cultural differences. 4 Even then it was recognized that factors such as low job satisfaction, 5 poor inter-personal relationships, having a mother with similar behaviour, and external stressors 6 were all determinants of the rate of presenting with symptoms to doctors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medically unexplained disability – a misnomer, and an opportunity for rehabilitation

Wade

2001

Clin Rehabil

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SummaryPatients with disability that is not fully accounted for by known pathology commonly consult within health care systems, and their diagnosis and management present challenges. This editorial puts the phenomenon in a historical context, and then discusses three such challenges: explanation, labelling and management. It suggests that the World Health Organization (WHO) ICIDH-2 model of illness would predict the existence of illness without pathology and consequently it suggests that a new name, sinepathy (i.e. without disease), would be appropriate. It also suggests that a standard rehabilitation approach with a focus on cognitive behavioural therapy might be the best management for patients with sinepathic disability.

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II. An Examination of the Relation Between Symptoms, Disability, and Serious Illness, in Two Homogeneous Groups of Men and Women

Cited by 70 publications

References 2 publications

The Sex Differential in Morbidity, Mortality, and Lifestyle

The Sex Differential in Morbidity, Mortality, and Lifestyle

Sex differences in psychological well-being

Medically unexplained disability – a misnomer, and an opportunity for rehabilitation

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