II. <i>After Short Gestation and Gestation Complicated by Hypertension with Special Reference to the “Small‐for‐Dates” Syndrome</i>

Lindblad, B. S.; Zetterström, Rolf

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1968.tb04678.x

Cited by 34 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The concentrations found in this series of total free amino acids in non-diabetic and diabetic maternal blood, and in normal infants, and a F/M ratio of 1.9 in normals do not differ remarkably from those previously found (4,8,9,13), although as mentioned the mean birth weight amounted to 3.9 kg in the non-diabetic group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

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Low Concentration of Plasma Amino Acids in Newborn Babies of Diabetic Mothers

et al. 1977

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Plasma amino acid concentrations were measured in maternal peripheral vein and in umbilical vein and artery at birth (caesarean section) in 6 diabetic and 5 non-diabetic pregnancies. The mean birth weight in the control group amounted to 3.9 kg as oversize of the foetus in three cases contributed to the indication for caesarean section. The infants in the diabetic group consisted of "small for gestational age" babies (mean weight 2.8 kg). Free amino acid levels in the normal group and in diabetic maternal blood were in agreement with previous investigations. No difference in amino acid concentrations in the maternal plasma was found, but the concentrations of the umbilical vein plasma were significantly lower in the diabetic group. Foetal hyperinsulinaemia may be a cause of the low amino acid concentrations. Besides, abnormalities of the placenta and maternal vascular complications increase and the mean birth weights decrease significantly through the White classes. Conditions of impairment of placental transfer of amino aicds may thus be present. Characteristics features of the foetus may be consistent with the hypothesis as follows: The foetus in diabetic pregnancy is in varying degree exposed to an oversupply of glucose, hyperinsulinaemia, imbalanced uptake and a slightly diminished supply of amino acids.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…It is of interest to point out that low F/M ratios also have been demonstrated in "small for gestational age" babies of mothers with a higher than normal maternal level (4, 13), while in the present investigation the low ratio depended on a lower than normal foetal level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Low Concentration of Plasma Amino Acids in Newborn Babies of Diabetic Mothers

et al. 1977

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“…In Fig. 3, the plasma valine level of small infants during breast-feeding is compared with that of newborn infants before feeding (7,20,24), and the plasma levels of infants on different amounts of cow-milk protein feeding (31). It is evident from this figure, that in order to reach a plasma valine level equivalent to that of breast-fed infants, the cow-milk based formula should be consumed in amounts of 1.5 g/kg.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Free Amino Acid Concentrations of Breast‐fed Infants

Lindblad¹,

Alfvén²,

Zetterström³

1978

Acta Paediatrica

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Photometric determination of alpha-amino nitrogen in peripheral venous plasma and urine from 20 healthy, full-term infants, 1--5 months of age, showing normal growth and development during an uncomplicated lactation, revealed lower plasma levels than what has been found in adults, or 3.7 +/- 1.1 mg/100 ml, and a urinary excretion of 41 +/- 14 mg/24 hours. Ion-exchange chromatography of deproteinized peripheral venous plasma showed low valine concentrations, an increased glycine/valine ratio and high cystine and very high taurine levels when compared to the levels of healthy American infants of comparable ages fed 3--3.5 g/kg of cow-milk protein. The findings indicate that a formula based on cow-milk protein should optimally contain only 1.0--1.2 g protein/100 ml provided that it is "humanized" not only with regard to the lactalbumin/casein ratio, but also to the cystine and taurine content. The pattern of the plasma concentrations of free amino acids reported in the present investigation may be used as a normal reference for breast-fed infants.

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“…In these infants the umbilical cord glucose is low [1] and feto-maternal amino acid ratios may be depressed [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%