1989
DOI: 10.1016/0030-4220(89)90265-x
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II. Stylohyoid chain ossification: A discussion of etiology

Abstract: It has been estimated that between 2% and 4% of the general adult population has radiographic evidence of an ossification of the stylohyoid chain. In an effort to prove that this is also the case in children and adolescents, 150 panoramic radiographs were examined at the Department of Pedodontics of St. Justine's Hospital in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. A total of 300 styloid processes and stylohyoid chains were evaluated and measured radiographically. The patients' mean age was 11 years. The mean length of the s… Show more

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Cited by 68 publications
(44 citation statements)
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“…There was no statistically significant difference between the length and angle values in different sex and mandibular bone and the teeth superimpose on SP and reduce the quality of the image on conventional radiographs. 2D and 3D CT can overcome these superimpositions [1,2,5,8,11].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…There was no statistically significant difference between the length and angle values in different sex and mandibular bone and the teeth superimpose on SP and reduce the quality of the image on conventional radiographs. 2D and 3D CT can overcome these superimpositions [1,2,5,8,11].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This chain connects the temporal bone to the hyoid bone. It is derived from the second branchial arch embryologically [2][3][4][5]. The chain consists of four structures:…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, clinical diagnosis of SPS is not always easy, since similar symptoms can occur in other disorders [7,8]. Differential diagnosis should include cranial nerve neuralgias (e.g., glossopharyngeal and trigeminal neuralgia), chronic pharyngotonsillitis, an unerupted or impacted molar tooth, faulty dental prostheses, tumors of the pharynx or tongue base, and TMJ disorder.…”
Section: Clinical Diagnosis and Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Surgical resection of the styloid process is an alternative procedure only for symptomatic cases that are resistant to conservative therapy [8], although surgical shortening of the elongated process is generally said to be the best method. With respect to the intraoral versus external cervical approach for resection of the styloid process, the former has some advantages [1,7] and the surgical technique [1] is very simple.…”
Section: Clinical Diagnosis and Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2 Developmental (congenital), posttraumatic and degenerative changes frequently result in a variable degree of ossification and/or calcification of this ligament, ranging from discrete calcifications near the lesser horn to complete ossification. 3,4 This clinical phenomenon is normally benign and asymptomatic, but a number of patients, generally older than 40 years, complain of vague symptoms such as irradiating pharyngeal pain, earache, headache, cervical pain, and painful restrictions of the movements of head and neck. [5][6][7][8][9] The latter, in particular, may be mistaken for symptoms of cervical spine pathologies and patients may therefore initially seek help from manipulative therapists.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%