IIoT Cybersecurity Risk Modeling for SCADA Systems

Falco, Gregory; Caldera, Carlos; Shrobe, Howard

doi:10.1109/jiot.2018.2822842

Cited by 109 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…There are a large number of alreadydeployed devices that are difficult to upgrade or patch, making critical infrastructures inflexible for efficient handling of potential faults and attacks. In contrast, the new IoT devices are connected to the Internet, and therefore, they are vulnerable to cyberattacks and can be easily compromised [6], [36]. • Communication infrastructure.…”

Section: Critical Infrastructures In Industry 40mentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence of Blockchain and Edge Computing for Secure and Scalable IIoT Critical Infrastructures in Industry 4.0

Dai

Wang

2021

IEEE Internet Things J.

228

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Critical infrastructure systems are vital to underpin the functioning of a society and economy. Due to ever-increasing number of Internet-connected Internet-of-Things (IoTs) / Industrial IoT (IIoT), and high volume of data generated and collected, security and scalability are becoming burning concerns for critical infrastructures in industry 4.0. The blockchain technology is essentially a distributed and secure ledger that records all the transactions into a hierarchically expanding chain of blocks. Edge computing brings the cloud capabilities closer to the computation tasks. The convergence of blockchain and edge computing paradigms can overcome the existing security and scalability issues. In this paper, we first introduce the IoT/IIoT critical infrastructure in industry 4.0, and then we briefly present the blockchain and edge computing paradigms. After that, we show how the convergence of these two paradigms can enable secure and scalable critical infrastructures. Then, we provide a survey on state-of-the-art for security and privacy, and scalability of IoT/IIoT critical infrastructures. A list of potential research challenges and open issues in this area is also provided, which can be used as useful resources to guide future research.

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Section: Critical Infrastructures In Industry 40mentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence of Blockchain and Edge Computing for Secure and Scalable IIoT Critical Infrastructures in Industry 4.0

Dai

Wang

2021

IEEE Internet Things J.

228

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“…The attacker may be able to enter wrong values that can make the system unstable. Moreover, since these systems are not checked regularly due to their deterministic nature, this attack might stay undetected for a long time [12].…”

Section: A Prevalent Attacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine Learning-Based Network Vulnerability Analysis of Industrial Internet of Things

Zolanvari

Teixeira

Gupta

et al. 2019

IEEE Internet Things J.

363

149

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From 2012 to 2015, her research concerned performance improvement of communication networks. Since 2015, she has been a Graduate Research Assistant with Washington University in St. Louis. Her current research interests include utilizing machine learning and deep learning for network security of the Industrial Internet of Things, Internet of Things, machine learning, cyber-security, secure computer networks, and wireless communications. Marcio A. Teixeira (M'18-SM'18) received the M.Sc. degree in computer science and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the Federal

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“…To ensure the security of a SCADA system, several techniques can be used. Some of these techniques include a security technique focused on the communication channel or network as discussed in [27][28][29], a technique focused on protecting the hardware components as in [30], and a data-driven technique focused on protecting the cloud server as discussed in [6,25,31,32], or a combination of two or more of these techniques [27,33]. The SCADA system proposed in this work considers a combination of some of these security techniques, including the private network management and the data-driven private cloud server management techniques.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Cost, Open Source IoT-Based SCADA System Design Using Thinger.IO and ESP32 Thing

2019

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Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) is a technology for monitoring and controlling distributed processes. SCADA provides real-time data exchange between a control/monitoring centre and field devices connected to the distributed processes. A SCADA system performs these functions using its four basic elements: Field Instrumentation Devices (FIDs) such as sensors and actuators which are connected to the distributed process plants being managed, Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) such as single board computers for receiving, processing and sending the remote data from the field instrumentation devices, Master Terminal Units (MTUs) for handling data processing and human machine interactions, and lastly SCADA Communication Channels for connecting the RTUs to the MTUs, and for parsing the acquired data. Generally, there are two classes of SCADA hardware and software; Proprietary (Commercial) and Open Source. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a low-cost, Open Source SCADA system by using Thinger.IO local server IoT platform as the MTU and ESP32 Thing micro-controller as the RTU. SCADA architectures have evolved over the years from monolithic (stand-alone) through distributed and networked architectures to the latest Internet of Things (IoT) architecture. The SCADA system proposed in this work is based on the Internet of Things SCADA architecture which incorporates web services with the conventional (traditional) SCADA for a more robust supervisory control and monitoring. It comprises of analog Current and Voltage Sensors, the low-power ESP32 Thing micro-controller, a Raspberry Pi micro-controller, and a local Wi-Fi Router. In its implementation, the current and voltage sensors acquire the desired data from the process plant, the ESP32 micro-controller receives, processes and sends the acquired sensor data via a Wi-Fi network to the Thinger.IO local server IoT platform for data storage, real-time monitoring and remote control. The Thinger.IO server is locally hosted by the Raspberry Pi micro-controller, while the Wi-Fi network which forms the SCADA communication channel is created using the Wi-Fi Router. In order to test the proposed SCADA system solution, the designed hardware was set up to remotely monitor the Photovoltaic (PV) voltage, current, and power, as well as the storage battery voltage of a 260 W, 12 V Solar PV System. Some of the created Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs) on Thinger.IO Server where an operator can remotely monitor the data in the cloud, as well as initiate supervisory control activities if the acquired data are not in the expected range, using both a computer connected to the network, and Thinger.IO Mobile Apps are presented in the paper.2 of 24 plants and industrial processes both locally and remotely. The system involves the examination, collection, and processing of data in real time, as well as data logging for historical purposes. The architectural design of a standard SCADA system starts with Remote Terminal Units (RTUs), and/or Programmable Logic Controllers...

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IIoT Cybersecurity Risk Modeling for SCADA Systems

Cited by 109 publications

References 14 publications

Convergence of Blockchain and Edge Computing for Secure and Scalable IIoT Critical Infrastructures in Industry 4.0

Convergence of Blockchain and Edge Computing for Secure and Scalable IIoT Critical Infrastructures in Industry 4.0

Machine Learning-Based Network Vulnerability Analysis of Industrial Internet of Things

Low-Cost, Open Source IoT-Based SCADA System Design Using Thinger.IO and ESP32 Thing

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