“…In recent years, evolutionary algorithms [24] have emerged as a useful class of optimisation algorithms that find increasing applications in diverse fields. For digital filter design: artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm has been applied to design linear phase FIR differentiators [25], non‐linear phase FIR filters [26], sparse FIR filters [27], and IIR filters [28]; cuckoo search algorithm has been applied to design linear phase FIR filters [29], non‐linear phase FIR filters [30], sparse FIR filters [31, 32], two‐dimensional sparse FIR filters [33], and IIR filters [34]; teaching–learning‐based optimisation has been applied to design linear phase FIR Hilbert transformers [35], non‐linear phase FIR filters [36], IIR filters [37], two‐dimensional linear phase FIR digital filters [38], and two‐dimensional non‐linear phase FIR filters [39]; harmony search (HS) algorithm has been applied to design non‐linear phase FIR filters [40], and all‐pass equalisers [41, 42]; and the interactive self‐learning algorithm has been applied to design non‐linear phase FIR filters [43].…”