IL-17C/IL-17RE: Emergence of a Unique Axis in TH17 Biology

Nies, Jasper F.; Panzer, Ulf

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00341

Cited by 58 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(146 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, MAIT cell counts were inversely correlated with IL-17C levels in plasma, supporting a possible link between MAIT cell recruitment and lung epithelium inflammation ( Fig. 1F) (36). These soluble factors were all increased in serum of COVID-19 pa-tients compared with HD ( fig.…”

Section: Profound Mait Cell Decline In the Circulation And Enrichmentmentioning

confidence: 53%

MAIT cell activation and dynamics associated with COVID-19 disease severity

et al. 2020

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Severe COVID-19 is characterized by excessive inflammation of the lower airways. The balance of protective versus pathological immune responses in COVID-19 is incompletely understood. Mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are antimicrobial T cells that recognize bacterial metabolites, and can also function as innate-like sensors and mediators of antiviral responses. Here, we investigated the MAIT cell compartment in COVID-19 patients with moderate and severe disease, as well as in convalescence. We show profound and preferential decline in MAIT cells in the circulation of patients with active disease paired with strong activation. Furthermore, transcriptomic analyses indicated significant MAIT cell enrichment and pro-inflammatory IL-17A bias in the airways. Unsupervised analysis identified MAIT cell CD69high and CXCR3low immunotypes associated with poor clinical outcome. MAIT cell levels normalized in the convalescent phase, consistent with dynamic recruitment to the tissues and later release back into the circulation when disease is resolved. These findings indicate that MAIT cells are engaged in the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 and suggest their possible involvement in COVID-19 immunopathogenesis.

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Section: Profound Mait Cell Decline In the Circulation And Enrichmentmentioning

confidence: 53%

MAIT cell activation and dynamics associated with COVID-19 disease severity

et al. 2020

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“…Cytokines of the IL-17 family are crucial components of the inflammatory response, and they are essential for normal host immune responses. Both in humans and in mice, IL-17 cytokines are produced by a vast array of cell types, and act on a multitude of cellular targets ( 44 , 66 , 67 , 91 – 93 ), eventually inducing production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and prostaglandins ( 94 ) ( Figure 1 ). Cytokines of the IL17 family exert non-redundant, and even opposing functions to promote elimination of intruders, and tissue reconstitution.…”

Section: Cytokines Of the Il-17 Family Other Than Il-17a In Health Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As we will see, not all these cytokines are produced by immune cells, but all of them either directly or indirectly impact the immune system. We refer the interested reader to excellent reviews for a comprehensive description of these cytokines ( 44 , 66 , 67 , 91 – 93 ).…”

Section: Cytokines Of the Il-17 Family Other Than Il-17a In Health Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also the IL-17C is involved in maintenance of epithelial barrier integrity ( Figure 3 ), where it is selectively induced by inflammatory or bacterial noxae ( 91 ). While IL-17C and IL-17A appear to exert overlapping functions ( 107 ), IL-17C is mostly produced by epithelial cells at very early time points, and acts both in autocrine and exocrine fashions by inducing the expression of tight junction proteins ( 109 ), proinflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides ( 26 , 107 ).…”

Section: Cytokines Of the Il-17 Family Other Than Il-17a And The Micrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Much More Than IL-17A: Cytokines of the IL-17 Family Between Microbiota and Cancer

et al. 2020

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“…IL-17 is produced by cluster of differentiation (CD) 4+ Th-17 cells and regulates keratinocyte expression of chemokines [ 18 ]. It maintains a cycle in the epithelium in order to strengthen immune barriers [ 39 ]. In a study by Koga et al, it was discovered that the peripheral blood and skin lesions of AD patients is affected by IL-17 in the production of cytokines and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Prominent Cytokines as Superior Therapeutic Targets for Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis

Hassan

Luvsannyam

Patel

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Cytokines predominate the inflammatory pathways in diseases like rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis. Corticosteroids and immunosuppressants are presently the mainstays of treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe disease, but often accompany a poor side effect profile. In this review, we attempt to consolidate current data on various interleukins (IL) that participate in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) to further improve therapeutic strategies. For now, dupilumab is the most accepted biologic to be registered for treatment for moderate-to-severe disease. Recently, IL-37, IL-13, IL-26, IL-17 & IL-31/33 axis as well as proteins like thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) show promising results as future therapeutic targets because of their important role in the pathogenesis of AD. However, further studies are required to clarify the safety and efficacy of these interventions compared to current treatment modalities but it is worthwhile to pursue research into biologics as a more successful treatment option for moderate-to-severe AD.

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IL-17C/IL-17RE: Emergence of a Unique Axis in TH17 Biology

Cited by 58 publications

References 85 publications

MAIT cell activation and dynamics associated with COVID-19 disease severity

MAIT cell activation and dynamics associated with COVID-19 disease severity

Much More Than IL-17A: Cytokines of the IL-17 Family Between Microbiota and Cancer

Review of Prominent Cytokines as Superior Therapeutic Targets for Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis

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