IL‐18 gene polymorphism confers susceptibility to the development of anti‐GAD65 antibody in Graves’ disease

Hiromatsu, Yuji; Mukai, Tokunori; Kaku, Hiroo; Miyake, Ikuyo; Ichimura, Michiko; Fukutani, Tomoka; Nakayama, Hisanori; Takata, Keiji; Imamura, Yutaka; Shoji, Shingo; Yamada, Kazutaka; Koda, Yoshiro; Bednarczuk, Tomasz

doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01734.x

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The relatively higher titer of GADAb in our GADAbpositive patients is compatible with previous reports on GADAb in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases [5,6]. However, the titer of TRAb at the onset of GD was similar in both groups and had no correlation with the titer of GADAb.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The prevalence of GADAb in patients with these diseases is higher than that in normal population, i.e. 1-2% [5]. Of more interest the prevalence and titer of GADAb in T1DM patients are higher in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) than those in patients without AITDs [6,7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also reported that the titer of GADAb is remarkably high and persists for a longer time in a slowly progressive form of T1DM (SPIDDM: slowly progressive insulin dependent diabetes mellitus) [4]. GADAb is also detectable in 2-8% of patients with Graves' disease (GD) without DM and 6-10% of patients with type 2 or non insulin-dependent DM [1,5,6]. The prevalence of GADAb in patients with these diseases is higher than that in normal population, i.e.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Anti-Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody in Graves' Disease Is A Possible Indicator for The Unlikelihood of Going into Remission with Antithyroid Agents

et al. 2009

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Abstract. The prevalence and titer of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADAb) in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has been reported to be higher in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) than those without them. However, we have no data about the influence of GADAb on AITD. We therefore studied the clinical characteristics of Graves' disease (GD) with GADAb in order to clarify the influence of GADAb on GD. Twelve GD patients with GADAb were enrolled and were compared to 40 GD patients without DM. The male to female ratio and age of onset of GD showed no statistical difference. The titer of TSH receptor antibody (TRAb) at the onset of GD was similar in both groups. Initial treatment with methimazole (MMI) was started in all patients with GADAb but radioactive iodine (RI) therapy was carried out in five patients because of adverse effects of MMI or poor control of hyperthyroidism. The initial titer of TRAb was significantly lower in patients treated with MMI alone compared to that in RI treated patients but none of the patients treated with MMI alone went into remission after more than 3-years of follow up. We also compared these GADAb-positive patients with 14 patients with diabetes mellitus who had matched clinical features. The number of diabetic patients who remained in possible remission was significantly higher than that of GADAb-positive patients (5 in 14 vs 0 in 12). Moreover, the rate of remission in the diabetic patients was no different from that of 21 control patients without diabetes followed for more than 7 years (5 in 14 vs 7 in 21). These data suggested that GADAb-positive patients are unlikely to go into remission with antithyroid agents. Therefore, definitive therapies might be preferable for the initial treatment of GADAb-positive patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Anti-Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody in Graves' Disease Is A Possible Indicator for The Unlikelihood of Going into Remission with Antithyroid Agents

et al. 2009

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“…These SNPs have been reported to be individually or jointly associated with susceptibility to Crohn disease [30], inflammatory bowel disease [31], type 1 diabetes mellitus [11][12][13], renal manifestations [32] or arthritis in SLE [33], presence of anti-GAD antibody in Graves disease [34], or asthma [35,36]. However, rs1946518 alone is not associated with various autoimmune diseases including type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis in a metaanalysis [37] or with autoimmune thyroid disease [38] or Graves disease [34,39] in other individual studies, nor with HT, in our study. These findings suggested rs1946518 might not solely play an role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases but synergistically with other SNPs or its functional effect is too small to be detected by these small-sized studies including ours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The IL18 gene and Hashimoto thyroiditis in children

Huang

Ting

et al. 2013

Human Immunology

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“…GD is a T helper 2 (Th2) predominant autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of anti-thyrotropin receptor antibody, which stimulates thyroid hormone secretion (Hiromatsu et al, 2006). Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy is generally considered to be an autoimmune disorder that is closely associated with GD (Wall et al, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between interleukin 21 and Graves’ disease

Jia

Zhang²,

Gu³

et al. 2011

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Graves' disease (GD) is an organ-specific autoimmune thyroid disease; 25-50% of GD patients will develop Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). The etiology of GD and GO may be multifactorial, but the immune response plays a central role. Many studies have reported that IL-21 has crucial roles in autoimmune diseases. We examined whether IL-21 is associated with the development of GD and GO. The serum concentration of IL-21 was tested in 40 primary GD patients, 42 treated GO patients and 24 healthy controls. Our data show that the serum level of IL-21 is associated with the development of GD. We also made an association study with the IL-21 gene polymorphisms rs4833837, rs907715 and rs13143866 in a comparison of 633 patients and 612 healthy controls from the Chinese population. This case-control association study demonstrated that rs907715 SNP is significantly associated with GD, while the rs13143866 A allele is significantly associated with GO. The haplotypes A-G-G and A-A-A were found ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 10 (4): 3338-3346 (2011) IL-21 and Graves' disease 3339 at higher and lower frequencies, respectively, in GD patients, suggesting a protective role for A-A-A. However, there were no significant differences in the frequencies of these haplotypes between the GO patients and the control group. We found no association between IL-21 gene polymorphisms and the age of GD onset. We conclude that IL-21 is associated with GD and GO.

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IL‐18 gene polymorphism confers susceptibility to the development of anti‐GAD65 antibody in Graves’ disease

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Anti-Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody in Graves' Disease Is A Possible Indicator for The Unlikelihood of Going into Remission with Antithyroid Agents

Anti-Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody in Graves' Disease Is A Possible Indicator for The Unlikelihood of Going into Remission with Antithyroid Agents

The IL18 gene and Hashimoto thyroiditis in children

Association between interleukin 21 and Graves’ disease

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