IL2‐ and IL4‐dependent proliferation of T‐cell clones derived early after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: Studies of patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia

Bruserud, Øystein; Hamann, Wilfried; Patel, Saarang; Ehninger, Gerhard; Pawelec, Graham

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1992.tb01589.x

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Although allotransplanted patients have a long-lasting quantitative and qualitative Tcell effect [476][477][478], early lymphoid reconstitution reaching a level of at least 0.3 x 10 9 /L on day +15 and day 30 posttransplant is associated with positive outcomes after transplantation and improved survival [479]. Total monocyte counts also showed an association with prognosis in this study.…”

Section: Expected Immune Reconstitution After Allogeneic Stem Cell Trmentioning

confidence: 52%

Standardization of sampling and sample preparation for analysis of human monocyte subsets in peripheral blood

Rundgren

Bruserud

Ryningen

et al. 2018

Journal of Immunological Methods

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Section: Expected Immune Reconstitution After Allogeneic Stem Cell Trmentioning

confidence: 52%

Standardization of sampling and sample preparation for analysis of human monocyte subsets in peripheral blood

Rundgren

Bruserud

Ryningen

et al. 2018

Journal of Immunological Methods

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“…Cytokine signaling shows redundancy, because two or more cytokines can have a similar function. IL-2 and IL-4 both enhance T cell proliferation (53). All three IFNs, IFN-α, IFN-β, and IFN-γ, increase the activity of natural killer lymphocytes and stimulate the synthesis of arachidonic acid products (54).…”

Section: Characteristics Of Cytokine Signalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokine Research in Depression: Principles, Challenges, and Open Questions

et al. 2019

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Cytokines have been implicated in the pathology of depression. Currently, the evidence is based on cross-sectional studies and meta-analytic research comparing blood concentrations of T helper type 1 (TH1), T helper type 2 (TH2), pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokines of patients with a depressive disorder to those of healthy controls. Additionally, multiple longitudinal studies have investigated cytokine levels during antidepressant treatment. According to the current literature, it seems that peripheral levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are elevated and that interferon (IFN)-γ levels are lower in patients with depression compared to healthy controls. However, the overlap of cytokine values between acutely depressed patients, remitted and recovered patients and healthy controls is considerable. Thus, the discriminative power of cytokine concentrations between depressed and non-depressed people is likely weak. Treatment with certain antidepressants appears to decrease peripheral levels of IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α. However, weight gain-inducing psychopharmacological substances, such as the antidepressant mirtazapine, have been reported to potentially increase the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Even though cytokines are often discussed as biomarkers for depression, they have also been shown to be altered in other psychiatric disorders. Moreover, many environmental, social, psychological, biological, and medical factors are also associated with cytokine changes. Thus, cytokine alterations seem extremely unspecific. The interpretation of the results of these studies remains a challenge because it is unknown which type of cells are most responsible for cytokine changes measured in the blood nor have the main target cells or target tissues been identified. The same cytokine can be produced by multiple cell types, and the same cell can produce various cytokines. Additionally, redundancy, synergy, antagonism, and signaling cascades of cytokine signaling must be considered. Cytokines might not be associated with the diagnosis of depression according to the currently used diagnostic manuals, but rather with specific subtypes of depression, or with depressive symptoms across different psychiatric diagnoses. Therefore, the currently available diagnostic systems may not be the ideal starting point for psychiatric cytokine research.

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“…Secondly, the systemic profile, and especially the chemokine levels are also altered by autologous stem cell harvesting [99]; but, alterations induced by platelet transfusions and stem cell harvesting will often last for less than 24 hours. Thirdly, intensive chemotherapy, febrile neutropenia and post-chemotherapy regeneration will alter the levels of several cytokines, soluble adhesion molecules and soluble cytokine receptors [49,124,125,126]. Finally, diurnal alterations [127,128] and age [44], may also influence systemic cytokine levels.…”

Section: The Importance Of Sampling Standardization When Analyzingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Possible Diagnostic and Prognostic Use of Systemic Chemokine Profiles in Clinical Medicine—The Experience in Acute Myeloid Leukemia from Disease Development and Diagnosis via Conventional Chemotherapy to Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

Reikvam

Fredly

Kittang

et al. 2013

Toxins

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Chemokines are important regulators of many different biological processes, including (i) inflammation with activation and local recruitment of immunocompetent cells; (ii) angiogenesis as a part of inflammation or carcinogenesis; and (iii) as a bridge between the coagulation system and inflammation/immune activation. The systemic levels of various chemokines may therefore reflect local disease processes, and such variations may thereby be used in the routine clinical handling of patients. The experience from patients with myeloproliferative diseases, and especially patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), suggests that systemic plasma/serum cytokine profiles can be useful, both as a diagnostic tool and for prognostication of patients. However, cytokines/chemokines are released by a wide range of cells and are involved in a wide range of biological processes; the altered levels may therefore mainly reflect the strength and nature of the biological processes, and the optimal clinical use of chemokine/cytokine analyses may therefore require combination with organ-specific biomarkers. Chemokine levels are also altered by clinical procedures, therapeutic interventions and the general status of the patients. A careful standardization of sample collection is therefore important, and the interpretation of the observations will require that the overall clinical context is considered. Despite these limitations, we conclude that analysis of systemic chemokine/cytokine profiles can reflect important clinical characteristics and, therefore, is an important scientific tool that can be used as a part of future clinical studies to identify clinically relevant biomarkers.

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IL2‐ and IL4‐dependent proliferation of T‐cell clones derived early after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: Studies of patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia

Cited by 22 publications

References 21 publications

Standardization of sampling and sample preparation for analysis of human monocyte subsets in peripheral blood

Standardization of sampling and sample preparation for analysis of human monocyte subsets in peripheral blood

Cytokine Research in Depression: Principles, Challenges, and Open Questions

The Possible Diagnostic and Prognostic Use of Systemic Chemokine Profiles in Clinical Medicine—The Experience in Acute Myeloid Leukemia from Disease Development and Diagnosis via Conventional Chemotherapy to Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

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