Ileal and jejunal absorptive function in patients with AIDS and enterococcidial infection

Kapembwa, Moses; Bridges, C.; Joseph, A.E.A.; Fleming, SC; Batman, P A; Griffin, George E.

doi:10.1016/0163-4453(90)90623-g

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The addition of taurine is another piece of evidence indicating host-mitochondria are somehow directly involved in the progress of infection. Previous metabolomic studies of faecal samples from Cryptosporidium-infected patients revealed increased taurine concentrations, which was explained away as characteristic of a decline in gut absorption as a result villi malformation [47,48]. However, malabsorption is not an applicable explanation in the infected COLO-680N cell cultures, wherein there is no external source of Figure S1 and Additional file 5: S5) in both mice and cell culture experiments were recorded and their functions assigned.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there also exists nonrelated rationale for the detected increase in taurine, for example as a diuretic, which should not be a surprise in cryptosporidiosis, which is characterised by excessive water loss. This role sees taurine maintaining levels of the ionised forms of magnesium and potassium within the cell, producing a diuretic effect that may contribute towards the characteristic water-loss [48,[54][55][56]. Furthermore, it has been found that taurine levels influence production of short chained fatty acid, another aspect of host biology theorised to be scavenged by C. parvum and C. hominis [56][57][58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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NMR metabolomics reveals effects of Cryptosporidium infections on host cell metabolome

et al. 2019

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Background: Cryptosporidium is an important gut microbe whose contributions towards infant and immunocompromise patient mortality rates are steadily increasing. Over the last decade, we have seen the development of various tools and methods for studying Cryptosporidium infection and its interactions with their hosts. One area that is sorely overlooked is the effect infection has on host metabolic processes. Results: Using a 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance approach to metabolomics, we have explored the nature of the mouse gut metabolome as well as providing the first insight into the metabolome of an infected cell line. Statistical analysis and predictive modelling demonstrated new understandings of the effects of a Cryptosporidium infection, while verifying the presence of known metabolic changes. Of note is the potential contribution of host derived taurine to the diarrhoeal aspects of the disease previously attributed to a solely parasite-based alteration of the gut environment, in addition to other metabolites involved with host cell catabolism. Conclusion: This approach will spearhead our understanding of the Cryptosporidium-host metabolic exchange and provide novel targets for tackling this deadly parasite.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NMR metabolomics reveals effects of Cryptosporidium infections on host cell metabolome

et al. 2019

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“…This study documents alterations in the levels of GPx, albumin, GR, and uric acid between baseline and 12 months among HAART-experienced participants. Studies from the developed world have documented biochemical changes that could be a result of greater utilization of antioxidant micronutrients subsequent to increased oxidative stress rather than inadequate dietary intake 11 or malabsorption, 12 inadequate nutrient release from the liver, acute infections, and/or inadequate availability of carrier molecules that may influence circulating antioxidant concentrations. [13][14][15] This study suggests that enhanced oxidative stress and disturbed glutathione metabolism occur after initiating HAART.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in antioxidant profile among HIV-infected individuals on generic highly active antiretroviral therapy in southern India

Maruthamuthu

Saghayam

Priya

et al. 2008

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…At present, few quantitative studies of absorption have been conducted in this clinical context. Kapemowa et al (1990) demonstrated various absorptive defects in ileal and jejunal perfusion studies with Cryptosporidium-infected AIDS patients.…”

Section: Bacterial Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pathways to the impairment of human nutritional status by gastrointestinal pathogens

Solomons¹

1993

Parasitology

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Gastrointestinal pathogens are of three varieties, those that can, and often do, take the life of the host, those that infect transiently and rarely are life-threatening, and those (parasites) that establish a relatively prolonged residence or colonization of the host's alimentary tract. In the case of the second form, if infections are recurrent, both catabolic effects during the episode and failure to digest foods and/or absorb nutrients results. Similarly, catabolic wastage through activation of the acute phase response, and interference with the host's acquisition of nutrients by maldigestion, malabsorption, intestinal losses and competition with the parasite burden can impair growth and nutrition with helminthic infections. Growth and nutrition with respect to all of the macronutrients and virtually all of the micronutrients have been documented to be adversely affected by gastrointestinal pathogens. For its burgeoning importance as a worldwide health problem, both with the HIV virus as a direct intestinal pathogen and with the opportunistic gut infections occurring in the immunocompromised host, AIDS represents the emerging context of the impairment of nutritional status by intestinal pathogens.

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Ileal and jejunal absorptive function in patients with AIDS and enterococcidial infection

Cited by 25 publications

References 19 publications

NMR metabolomics reveals effects of Cryptosporidium infections on host cell metabolome

NMR metabolomics reveals effects of Cryptosporidium infections on host cell metabolome

Changes in antioxidant profile among HIV-infected individuals on generic highly active antiretroviral therapy in southern India

Pathways to the impairment of human nutritional status by gastrointestinal pathogens

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