Image Analysis for Trabecular Bone Properties on Cone-Beam CT Data

Abstract

Trabecular bone structure as well as bone mineral density (BMD) have impact on the biomechanical competence of bone. In osteoporosis-related fractures, there have been shown to exist disconnections in the trabecular network as well as low bone mineral density. Imaging of bone parameters is therefore of importance in detecting osteoporosis. One available imaging device is cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). This device is often used in pre-operative imaging of dental implants, for which the trabecular network also has great importance. Fourteen or 15 trabecular bone specimens from the radius were imaged for conducting this in vitro project. The imaging data from one dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), two multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT), one high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) and four CBCT devices were segmented using an in-house developed code based on homogeneity thresholding. Seven trabecular microarchitecture parameters, as well as two trabecular bone stiffness parameters, were computed from the segmented data. Measurements from micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) data of the same bone specimens were regarded as gold standard. Correlations between MSCT and micro-CT data showed great variations, depending on device, imaging parameters and between the bone parameters. Only the bone-volume fraction (BV/TV) parameter was stable with strong correlations. Regarding both HR-pQCT and CBCT, the correlations to micro-CT were strong for bone structure parameters as well as bone stiffness parameters. The CBCT device 3D Accuitomo showed the strongest correlations, but overestimated BV/TV more than three times compared to micro-CT. The imaging protocol most often used in clinical imaging practice at our clinic demonstrated strong correlations as well as low radiation dose. CBCT data of trabecular bone can be used for analysing trabecular bone properties, like bone microstructure and bone biomechanics, showing strong correlations to the reference method of micro-CT. The results depend on choice of CBCT device as well as segmentation method used. The in-house developed code based on homogeneity thresholding is appropriate for CBCT data. The overestimations of BV/TV must be considered when estimating bone properties in future clinical dental implant and osteoporosis research

Erratum and Addendum: “Mandible Bone Osteoporosis Detection using Cone-beam Computed Tomography”

“…(A) Trabecular nodes, (B) trabecular termini, (C) trabecular separation, (D) trabecular spacing, and (E) trabecular thickness." The authors of [2] wish to clarify that the source of this Figure is [1].…”

Analysis of mandible trabecular structure using digital periapical radiographs to assess low bone quality in postmenopausal women

“…The first phase of bone loss in postmenopausal women occurs in the trabeculae rather than the cortex, and increases the risk of fracture ( Ji and Yu, 2015 , Meiyanti, 2010 ). Trabecular structural parameters consist of the space between trabeculae (Tb.Sp), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and bone percentage in tissue volume (BV/TV) ( Klintström, 2017 ). The BV/TV term changes to bone area divided by total area (BA/TA) on two-dimensional radiographs.…”

Mandible Bone Osteoporosis Detection using Cone-beam Computed Tomography

“…Current CBCT devices do not produce grey-scale values not a calibrated Housefield Unit (HU) values. However, the values differ for different devices as well as on the object placement in the imaged Field of View (FOV) [5].…”