Image Authentication and Tampering Localization using Distributed Source Coding

Varodayan, David; Girod, Bernd

doi:10.1109/mmsp.2007.4412899

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Moreover, it is presently more and more accepted that the Distributed Source Coding (DSC) principles, notably the SlepianWolf and Wyner-Ziv theorems, are inspiring a varied set of tools which may help to solve different problems, not only coding, but also e.g. authentication and secure biometrics [26,27]. While it is difficult to state, at this stage, if any video coding product will ever use DSC principles, and in which way, it is most interesting to study and research towards this possibility.…”

Section: The Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributed video coding: Basics, main solutions and trends

Pereira

2009

2009 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo

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After the great success of the predictive video coding approach, which led to a number of largely deployed MPEG and ITU-T standards, the video coding research community has been working on a new video coding paradigm, so-called distributed video coding (DVC), which is based on some Information Theory results from the 70s: the Slepian-Wolf and the Wyner-Ziv theorems. The first practical solutions have emerged around 2002 at the Stanford University and the University of California, Berkeley. This talk will address the basics, main solutions and trends on distributed video coding with especial emphasis on the Stanford DVC codec which has deserved a larger research investment. The rate-distortion (RD) performance of a state-ofthe-art Stanford based DVC codec will be presented and benchmarked by the relevant alternative standard based video coding solutions. Finally, some trends on the DVC research will be discussed.Index Terms -distributed video coding, Wyner-Ziv video coding, RD performance THE BASICSWith the wide deployment of mobile and wireless networks, there are a growing number of applications where many senders deliver data to a central receiver. Contrary to television like applications, these emerging applications typically require light encoding complexity while still requiring high compression efficiency, robustness to packet losses and, often, also low latency/delay. To address these emerging needs, some research groups revisited the video coding problem at the light of some Information Theory results from the 70s: the Slepian-Wolf and the Wyner-Ziv theorems [1,2]. According to the Slepian-Wolf theorem, the minimum rate needed to independently encode two statistically dependent discrete random sequences, X and Y, is the same as for joint encoding. Moreover, under some hypothesis on the joint statistics, the Wyner-Ziv theorem [2] adds that when the side information (i.e. the correlated source Y) is made available only at the decoder there is no coding efficiency loss in lossy encoding X, with respect to the case when joint encoding of X and Y is performed. Together, the Slepian-Wolf and the Wyner-Ziv theorems suggest that it is possible to encode two statistically dependent signals independently and decoding them jointly, while approaching the coding efficiency of conventional predictive coding schemes, which rely instead on joint encoding and decoding. The new coding approach, known as Distributed Video Coding (DVC), avoids the computationally intensive temporal prediction loop at the encoder, by shifting the exploitation of the temporal redundancy to the decoder. This may be a significant advantage for a large range of emerging application scenarios, including wireless video cameras, wireless low-power surveillance, and visual sensor networks. Based on the theoretical foundations above and following important developments in channel coding technology, the practical design of Wyner-Ziv (WZ) video codecs, a particular case of DVC related to lossy coding with side information available at the decoder, start...

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Section: The Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributed video coding: Basics, main solutions and trends

Pereira

2009

2009 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo

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“…Error locating coding, with channel codes also used for SW coding, was proposed in [13], [14]. A LDPC code was applied to detect (in a watermarking scenario) the location of the introduced tampering.…”

Section: B Error Locating Codingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Error locating for plausible Wyner-Ziv video coding using turbo codes

Hansel

Müller

2009

2009 IEEE International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing

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Distributed video coding (DVC, Wyner-Ziv coding) gained a lot of interest in this research decade. The major application of DVC is low complexity video encoding, which is well investigated in the literature. Generally, a distributed video coding system uses a feedback channel for rate control, otherwise the data send cannot be used for improved reconstruction quality in most cases. The feedback channel is the biggest handicap of DVC for most real world scenarios.In this paper, we are studying image reconstruction techniques, to benefit from all data received, also in cases where the conventional Slepian-Wolf (SW) decoding fails. Therefore, we propose error locating coding (ELC) and subsequent image inpainting (ImIp) as new Wyner-Ziv decoding method. ELC and inpainting do not rely on a feedback channel, hence enabling feedback channel free decoding. Simulation results show, that the proposed approaches improve the PSNR by 1dB. Furthermore, no transmission overhead is introduced due to the ELC.

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“…Intermediaries might also tamper with the media for a variety of reasons, such as interfering with the distribution of a particular file, piggybacking unauthentic content, or generally discrediting a distribution system. In previous work, we applied distributed source coding (DSC) to image authentication to distinguish the diversity of legitimate encodings from malicious manipulation [1] and demonstrated that the same framework can localize tampering in images deemed to be inauthentic [2]. In this paper, we extend our image authentication scheme to be robust to affine warping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Didstributed source coding authentication of images with affine warping

Varodayan

Girod

2009

2009 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing

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Media authentication is important in content delivery via untrusted intermediaries, such as peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing. Many differently encoded versions of a media file might exist. Our previous work applied distributed source coding not only to distinguish the legitimate diversity of encoded images from tampering but also to localize tampered regions in an image already deemed to be inauthentic. In both cases, authentication requires a Slepian-Wolf encoded image projection that is supplied to the decoder.We extend our scheme to authenticate images that have undergone affine warping. Our approach incorporates an Expectation Maximization algorithm into the Slepian-Wolf decoder. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can distinguish legitimate encodings of authentic images from illegitimately modified versions, despite an arbitrary affine warping, using authentication data of less than 250 bytes per image.

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Image Authentication and Tampering Localization using Distributed Source Coding

Cited by 28 publications

References 12 publications

Distributed video coding: Basics, main solutions and trends

Distributed video coding: Basics, main solutions and trends

Error locating for plausible Wyner-Ziv video coding using turbo codes

Didstributed source coding authentication of images with affine warping

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