Image-based approach to optimize the tyre pitch sequence for a reduction in the air-pumping noise based on a genetic algorithm

Abstract

The paper presents a novel approach to solving problems involved in the application of a genetic algorithm to determine the optimal tyre pitch sequence to reduce the tyre air-pumping noise which is generated by the repeated compression and expansion of the air cavity between the tyre pitch and the road surface. The genetic algorithm was used to determine the optimal tyre pitch sequence with a low level of tyre air-pumping noise using the image-based air-pumping model. In the genetic algorithm used in previous studies, there are a number of problems related to the encoding structure and the selection of an objective function. This paper proposes a single encoding element with five integers, a divergent objective function based on an evolutionary process, and the optimal evolutionary rate based on the Shannon entropy in an attempt to solve the problems. The results of the proposed genetic algorithm with an evolutionary process are compared with those of a randomized algorithm. The randomized algorithm is a traditional method used to obtain the tyre pitch sequence. It was confirmed that the genetic algorithm more effectively reduces the peak value of the predicted tyre air-pumping noise. The consistency and cohesion of the obtained simulation results are also improved.

Prediction and Sound Quality Analysis of Tire Pattern Noise Based on System Identification by Utilizing an Optimal Adaptive Filter

“…Figure 6 shows the frequency characteristics for each pattern noise. According to previous studies [15], because the tire pattern noise occurs in the frequency band off 500-2000 Hz, the magnitude of tire pattern noise in this frequency band is represented. The predicted noise is represented by a solid blue line, and the measured value is represented by a dotted red line.…”

“…The sound metrics (loudness and sharpness in this study) were compared with the simple scan method [15] to analyze the effect of the proposed method. The coefficient of determination r 2 of the simple scan method and adaptive filter method are compared, as shown in Figures 9 and 10.…”

“…Therefore, accurate noise prediction is important in the design step. A common method of estimation of the tire pattern noise is to use the blocked pitch sequence [15]. This method uses a genetic algorithm to reduce the tire air-pumping noise that is generated by the repeated compression and expansion of the air cavity between the tire pitch and the road surface.…”

Tire noise optimization problem: a mixed integer linear programming approach

“…An approach based on artificial immune systems combined with genetic algorithms is presented in [4] and [13]. In [10], a pitch sequence with five pitch types and 50 pitches is optimized using a genetic algorithm. There, by contrast with other approaches, the noise of the tire pattern is assessed via an image based algorithm.…”

Tire Noise Optimization Problem: a Mixed Integer Linear Program Approach

“…An approach based on artificial immune systems combined with genetic algorithms is presented in [4] and [11]. In [8], a pitch sequence with five pitch types and 50 pitches is optimized using a genetic algorithm. There and During the optimization procedure, the only free parameter is the pitch sequence.…”