Image Encryption Algorithm Based on the H-Fractal and Dynamic Self-Invertible Matrix

Zhang, Xuncai; Wang, Lingfei; Niu, Ying; Cui, Guangzhao; Geng, Shengtao

doi:10.1155/2019/9524080

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The performance of the EIS-DHT technique is investigated using a benchmark USC-SIPI image dataset [23]. It contains a numerous collection of digital images with varying sizes of 256 * 256, 512 * 512, and 1024 * 1024 pixels.…”

Section: Performance Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encryption with Image Steganography Based Data Hiding Technique in IIoT Environment

Ragab¹,

Alshehri²,

Alhadrami³

et al. 2022

Computers, Materials &Amp; Continua

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Rapid advancements of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) pose serious security issues by revealing secret data. Therefore, security data becomes a crucial issue in IIoT communication where secrecy needs to be guaranteed in real time. Practically, AI techniques can be utilized to design image steganographic techniques in IIoT. In addition, encryption techniques act as an important role to save the actual information generated from the IIoT devices to avoid unauthorized access. In order to accomplish secure data transmission in IIoT environment, this study presents novel encryption with image steganography based data hiding technique (EIS-DHT) for IIoT environment. The proposed EIS-DHT technique involves a new quantum black widow optimization (QBWO) to competently choose the pixel values for hiding secrete data in the cover image. In addition, the multi-level discrete wavelet transform (DWT) based transformation process takes place. Besides, the secret image is divided into three R, G, and B bands which are then individually encrypted using Blowfish, Twofish, and Lorenz Hyperchaotic System. At last, the stego image gets generated by placing the encrypted images into the optimum pixel locations of the cover image. In order to validate the enhanced data hiding performance of the EIS-DHT technique, a set of simulation analyses take place and the results are inspected interms of different measures. The experimental outcomes stated the supremacy of the EIS-DHT technique over the other existing techniques and ensure maximum security.

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Section: Performance Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encryption with Image Steganography Based Data Hiding Technique in IIoT Environment

Ragab¹,

Alshehri²,

Alhadrami³

et al. 2022

Computers, Materials &Amp; Continua

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The NPCR is used to measure the percentage of the number of pixels changed in ciphertext after making a slight change (one pixel change) in plaintext. Therefore, the theoretical greatest upper-bound of the NPCR is 100% [15]. The following steps are involved in the NPCR analysis.…”

Section: Differential Measure (Npcr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, such solutions have not completely met the basic criteria of data security and time objectives through respective cryptography techniques. Thus, the quicker and effective image cryptography has become a popular research field [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient technique for image cryptography using Sudoku Keys

Manimekalai

Karthikeyan

Mary

et al. 2022

Preprint

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This Paper work proposes an Image cryptographic technique based on the Sudoku solution. The Sudoku solution can be reduced to a proper key clue by increasing the complexity level. The reduced clue for the Sudoku serves as the base key, which can be solved both at the Encryption and Decryption phase to reveal the Sudoku solution. Since a proper key clue leads to only one sudoku solution, the key is always stable. The Sudoku solution is expanded to the size of the Image to be encrypted using a sequence of expansion techniques. These techniques involve Number filling of the key matrix, Linear X-Y rotational shifting and Standard Zig zag pattern based reverse shifting. The derived cryptokey for an image dictates the details of positions to which the image pixels have to be shuffled. The shuffling is made at two levels namely Pixel level and Sub-Pixel (RGB) levels for an image, with the latter having more effective encryption. As this image encryption involves position shuffling in RGB layers, this technique falls under the Image scrambling method with partial diffusion. The Source and Encrypted images are analyzed for the crypto quality and thereby derive out the Performance metrics. The Distribution level of the source image pixels in the encrypted image is visually assessed by the absolute difference image. The Performance metrics reveal that the cryptography is more efficient, when the Sudoku is treated as a square matrix cryptokey and effectively used.

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“…The most notable example of image security is image encryption. Image encryption methods use several techniques, such as symmetric key encryption or public key encryption [1], [2]. In particular, image encryption methods are dependent on changes to pixel arrangement, called diffusion and confusion, which depend on changing the value of pixels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An improvement for CAST-128 encryption based on magic square and matrix inversion

Kareem,

Al-Adhami,

S. Rahma

2024

Bulletin EEI

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This paper presents two image encryption methods which aim to improve the CAST 128-bit algorithm by increasing the security level of encrypted images. The first improvement uses a magic square of order three, while the second improvement uses a 2×2 matrix over GF(P). Both modifications are used in each round of the CAST algorithm, in place of a standard algorithm which uses XOR to increase the correlation between the plaintext and ciphertext. Simulations are carried out in order to evaluate the image encryption system with regard to complexity, time consumption, histogram, information entropy, differential attacks, noise evaluation, adjacent pixels’ correlation index, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) analyses, mean absolute error, and average difference. The experimental results demonstrate that the encryption and decryption time when using the proposed CAST 128-bit algorithm with magic square is less than the time required for the CAST 128-bit algorithm with the matrix. Conversely, the proposed CAST with the matrix is higher than the CAST with the magic square. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results confirm that the two proposed enhancements to CAST perform effectively with sufficient security levels.

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Image Encryption Algorithm Based on the H-Fractal and Dynamic Self-Invertible Matrix

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

Encryption with Image Steganography Based Data Hiding Technique in IIoT Environment

Encryption with Image Steganography Based Data Hiding Technique in IIoT Environment

Efficient technique for image cryptography using Sudoku Keys

An improvement for CAST-128 encryption based on magic square and matrix inversion

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