Image Manipulation Specifications on Social Networking Services for Encryption-then-Compression Systems

Abstract

Tatsuya CHUMAN †a) , Nonmember, Kenta IIDA †b) , Student Member, Warit SIRICHOTEDUMRONG †c) , Nonmember, and Hitoshi KIYA †d) , Fellow SUMMARY Encryption-then-Compression (EtC) systems have been proposed to securely transmit images through an untrusted channel provider. In this study, EtC systems were applied to social media like Twitter that carry out image manipulations. The block scrambling-based encryption schemes used in EtC systems were evaluated in terms of their robustness against image manipulation on social media. The aim was to investigate how five social networking service (SNS) providers, Facebook, Twitter, Google+, Tumblr and Flickr, manipulate images and to determine whether the encrypted images uploaded to SNS providers can avoid being distorted by such manipulations. In an experiment, encrypted and nonencrypted JPEG images were uploaded to various SNS providers. The results show that EtC systems are applicable to the five SNS providers.

Image Identification of Encrypted JPEG Images for Privacy-Preserving Photo Sharing Services

“…We focus on EtC images which have been proposed for Encryption-then-Compression (EtC) systems with JPEG compression [2], [3], [6]- [9], [26]. EtC images not only have almost the same compression performance as that of unencrypted images, but also enough robustness against various ciphertext-only attacks including jigsaw puzzle solver attacks [9].…”

“…Therefore, image compression is not applicable to these methods. As systems that satisfy both requirements 1 and 2, Encryption-then-Compression (EtC) systems have been developed [2], [3], [6]- [9], [26]. In this paper, we focus on a block-scrambling-based image encryption method that has been proposed for EtC systems.…”

“…Thus, we propose a novel image identification scheme for encrypted JPEG images compressed under various coding conditions. Image encryption is carried out by extending the method based on block-scrambling for EtC systems [2], [3], [6]- [9], [26]. The extended method has steps for two-layer encryption.…”

Autonomous Relay Device Placement Algorithm for Avoiding Cascading Failure in D2D-Based Social Networking Service

“…New applications will be available over future Internet by using D2D communication and Internet connection. Social networking service (SNS) applications [10]- [13] are also available among neighboring users in D2D communication areas [14], [15]. In such D2D-based SNS, the data transmission over SNS can be performed with only D2D communications even when Internet connection is not available.…”

An Image Identification Scheme Of Encrypted Jpeg Images For Privacy-Preserving Photo Sharing Services

“…For privacy-preserving photo sharing on these services, three requirements need to be satisfied: 1) protection of visual information, 2) tolerance for recompression after encryption, and 3) identification of encrypted images. In terms of requirement 1, a lot of studies on secure and efficient communications have been reported [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. To secure multimedia data, full encryption with provable security, such as RSA and AES, is the most secure option.…”