Image Sensor Based Visible Light Positioning System with Improved Positioning Algorithm

Zhang, Ran; Zhong, Wen‐De; Kemao, Qian; Wu, Dehao

doi:10.1109/access.2017.2693299

Cited by 61 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, the use of auxiliary devices, in this case an accelerometer, significantly impacts on the complexity of the overall architecture. Another significant contribution, using a smart-phone camera, is described in (22), where an accuracy of 7cm has been achieved without auxiliary devices. However, the use of sophisticated signal generators in transmitting stage, increase the overall costs and limits the scalability of the system.…”

Section: Related Work and Main Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Error compensation in indoor positioning systems based on software defined visible light communication

Costanzo

Loscrì

2019

Physical Communication

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Visible Light Communication (VLC) paradigm allows the reusing of existing illuminating infrastructures in order to provide data communication. VLC can be considered a promising technology also for positioning in indoor environments, due to its potentially high accuracy and low costs. However, the main obstacle to the use of VLC for localization purposes is the high level of environmental noises, mainly due to sunlight. A novel approach, for easily measuring environmental noises and compensating their effects on localization results performed by an Indoor Positioning System (IPS) based on VLC, is proposed in this work. Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) is adopted to divide the total bandwidth into a series of non-overlapping frequency sub-bands corresponding to each signal, while an estimation of Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), obtained through real time Power Spectral Density measurements in the proper frequency ranges, is exploited to compensate the error in positioning due to sunlight and other wideband external optical disturbing signals. The proposed approach has been validated through experimental tests, carried out using a simple deployment of low power lamps, low cost hardware and a software defined approach. In the region under test, receiver position has been experimentally detected with higher accuracy in comparison to classical FDM approach, confirming the correctness and effectiveness of our proposed technique. In order to further validate the proposed approach, an additive measurement campaign has been successfully carried out considering a scenario characterized by very low SNR levels.

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Section: Related Work and Main Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Error compensation in indoor positioning systems based on software defined visible light communication

Costanzo

Loscrì

2019

Physical Communication

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“…1.5 cm Medium Exp-Setup, S6801, TIA, LNA [34] 5 cm Medium [45] 5 cm Medium [46] 1.12 cm Low [8] 2.4 cm Medium Exp-Setup [47] 0.4 cm Medium Mobile phone [48] 5.9 cm Low [49] 5 cm Medium [50] 0.3-20 cm Medium [51] 0.08 cm Low [52] 30 mm Medium [13] 9 cm Low Si APD S5343, Exp-Setup [53] 90 cm Low [54] 6 cm Medium [55] 1.66 cm Low No information [14] 0.5-7.3 cm Medium Camera [17] 5 cm Low [56] 6 cm Medium [57] 0.0001 m 2 [58] 25.12 cm Image [28] 7 cm Medium [59] 10 cm High [29] 5 cm High 9 [39] 10 cm High [60] 30 cm Medium [30] 1.5 cm Medium [61] 10 cm High Smartphone [62] 14 cm High Exp-Setup, Mobile phone [63] m [64] 6.6 cm High Mobile camera [65] 9 steps High Camera, Mobile phones From Table 1, the simplest algorithm is the proximity method but this technique has the highest amount of errors. Methods to improve the accuracy of this system have been investigated but all solutions make the system much more complex.…”

Section: Rss [44]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Boundaries for LED-Based Indoor Positioning System

et al. 2019

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Overlap of footprints of light emitting diodes (LEDs) increases the positioning accuracy of wearable LED indoor positioning systems (IPS) but such an approach assumes that the footprint boundaries are defined. In this work, we develop a mathematical model for defining the footprint boundaries of an LED in terms of a threshold angle instead of the conventional half or full angle. To show the effect of the threshold angle, we compare how overlaps and receiver tilts affect the performance of an LED-based IPS when the optical boundary is defined at the threshold angle and at the full angle. Using experimental measurements, simulations, and theoretical analysis, the effect of the defined threshold angle is estimated. The results show that the positional time when using the newly defined threshold angle is 12 times shorter than the time when the full angle is used. When the effect of tilt is considered, the threshold angle time is 22 times shorter than the full angle positioning time. Regarding accuracy, it is shown in this work that a positioning error as low as 230 mm can be obtained. Consequently, while the IPS gives a very low positioning error, a defined threshold angle reduces delays in an overlap-based LED IPS.

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“…The target device in Figure 8A is located at (10,10,197). Only the first reference datum exceeds ( is set to 10% herein), so only the first datum affects the target, and k is equal to one.…”

Section: Determine K-nn Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6][7][8] Many VLCIPSs use photodiodes as receivers of signals from light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and calculate positioning coordinates from the strengths of these signals. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Unfortunately, photodiodes are not frequently used and consumers cannot be required to use a photodiodes of receiver to configure store navigation devices. Since mobile devices are already considered to be personal necessities, in this work, the camera in a mobile device is used to receive VLC signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high accuracy and efficiency indoor positioning system with visible light communication

Chen

2018

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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Positioning technology is important to the development of location‐based services. This work proposes a highly accurate and efficient indoor positioning system that uses visible light communication technology. The system uses a fingerprinting positioning mechanism that is based on a mobile device. A dynamic k‐NN (DKNN) mechanism is developed to improve upon k‐nearest neighbor (k‐NN) positioning, which is based on fingerprinting. This work also proposes an integrated angle of arrival (AOA) and fingerprinting mechanism for three‐dimensional positioning, which reduces the time that would otherwise be required for fingerprinting training and improves the accuracy of the indoor positioning system. When used for fixed‐height two‐dimensional positioning, the mean error distance of the DKNN fingerprinting positioning mechanism is approximately 0.15 cm. The AOA mean error distance is approximately 11.43 cm. The traditional k‐NN mean error distance is approximately 1.47 cm. Ignoring the height error, the integrated AOA and fingerprinting positioning mechanisms have a mean error distance of approximately 2.43 cm; the traditional AOA mean error distance is approximately 11.10 cm, and the fingerprinting mean error distance is approximately 2.74 cm. When the height error is considered, the AOA and fingerprinting fusion positioning mechanisms have a mean error distance of approximately 2.83 cm; the AOA mean error distance is approximately 11.62 cm, and the fingerprinting mean error distance is approximately 4.15 cm. The experimental results therefore show that the proposed mechanism provides the highest positioning accuracy.

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Image Sensor Based Visible Light Positioning System with Improved Positioning Algorithm

Cited by 61 publications

References 21 publications

Error compensation in indoor positioning systems based on software defined visible light communication

Error compensation in indoor positioning systems based on software defined visible light communication

Optical Boundaries for LED-Based Indoor Positioning System

A high accuracy and efficiency indoor positioning system with visible light communication

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