Imaging adjuvants in pediatric surgical oncology

Abstract

Surgery is a crucial component of pediatric cancer treatment, but conventional methods may lack precision. Image‐guided surgery, including fluorescent and radioguided techniques, offers promise for enhancing tumor localization and facilitating precise resection. Intraoperative molecular imaging utilizes agents like indocyanine green to direct surgeons to occult deposits of tumor and to delineate tumor margins. Next‐generation agents target tumors directly to improve specificity. Radioguided surgery, employing tracers like metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG), complements fluorescent techniques by allowing for detection of tumors at a greater depth. Dual‐labeled agents combining both modalities are under development. Three‐dimensional modeling and virtual/augmented reality aid in preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance. The above techniques show great promise to benefit patients with pediatric tumors, and their continued development will almost certainly improve surgical outcomes.