Imaging Approaches and the Quantitative Analysis of Heart Development

Raiola, Morena; Sendra, Miquel; Torres, Miguel

doi:10.3390/jcdd10040145

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Згідно даних (Bi & Zhang, 2021;Cupello et al, 2022;Taylor et al, 2022), у процесі філогенетичного розвитку ссавців, історично формується морфофункціональна закономірність безперервного поєднання та взаємозумовленості усіх анатомічних структур організму та їх функцій, особливо між серцево-судинною системою та іншими органами, наприклад, органами дихання, що здійснює обмін газів між навколишнім середовищем та кров'ю організму тварин. Саме такий тісний взаємозв'язок, що сформувався у ссавців у процесі їх еволюційного розвитку, між будовою і функціями серцево-судинної системи (її замкнутої системи судин великого та малого кола кровообігу) та органами дихання (їх унікальної будови аерогематичного бар'єру альвеол легень), у тісному зв'язку з нервовою системою, забезпечує спільну життєвоважливу функцію газообміну (дихання) в організмі тварин із зовнішнім середовищем, про що свідчать роботи (Christoffels & Jensen, 2020;Voloshyn et al, 2020;Raiola et al, 2023).…”

Section: вступunclassified

Anatomical and morphological features of the heart of a domestic dog (Canis Lupus Familiaris L., 1758)

Ragulya,

Goralskyi,

Sokulskyi

et al. 2024

SMLNUVMB

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Cardiovascular organopathology in dogs occurs quite often, but is not fully diagnosed. The occurrence of cardiovascular pathology is due to inadequate physical activity, infectious diseases, injuries, blood loss, diseases of the lungs and other systems, hereditary factors, etc. It is known that prevention, diagnosis, surgical intervention and treatment of these pathologies are impossible without knowledge of the morpho-functional parameters of anatomy, histology and physiology. The cardiovascular system in mammals performs vital functions, ensuring the vital activity of the animal and human body. The cardiovascular system is very plastic in relation to the morpho-functional relationship and has not only pronounced hereditary individual traits, but also the ability to quickly adapt to the changing conditions of the organism's existence. It is one of the first to respond to various natural and anthropogenic factors of the environment and physical stress. The study of the cardiovascular system is an urgent issue today. The aim of the study was to study the morphological assessment of macro- and microstructures of the heart of a sexually mature domestic dog (n = 5), class – Mammalia, species – wolf (Canis lupus), subspecies – domestic dog (Canis familiaris). The completed work is a fragment of the scientific topic of the scientific research work of the Department of Normal and Pathological Morphology, Hygiene and Expertise of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Polish National University on the topic: “Development, morphology and histochemistry of animal organs in normal and pathological conditions”, according to state registration number No. 0113V000900 and scientific topics: “Features of the morphology of the heart of domestic mammals”, state registration No. 0121U108884. For the work, complex morphological research methods were used: anatomical, histological, organo-, histo- and cytometric, statistical, thanks to which new data on the peculiarities of the macro-, histo- and cytomorphometric characteristics of the morphological structures of the heart in the studied animals were presented. The dog's heart has a rounded shape, its absolute weight is 167.58 ± 9.46 g (without epicardial fat – 154.22 ± 8.04 g), relative weight is 0.72 ± 0.005 %. It was established that the microscopic structure of the ventricles and atria of the dog's heart differ by cytometric indicators, depending on their morphofunctional load. Thus, cardiomyocytes of the left ventricle have the largest volume – 2941.76 ± 127.44 μm3, the right one has a smaller volume – 2237.24 ± 103.02 μm3, and the cardiomyocytes of the atria have the smallest volume – 1496.92±98.02 μm3. The volume of the nuclei of cardiomyocytes of the left ventricle is 64.58 ± 5.09 μm3, of the right ventricle – 59.97 ± 5.83 μm3, the volume of cardiomyocytes of the atria is correspondingly smaller – 53.06 ± 6.02 μm3. At the same time, the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio of cardiomyocytes of the left ventricle is equal to 0.0224±0.0076, cardiomyocytes of the right ventricle are more important – 0.0275 ± 0.0081, and cardiomyocytes of the atria are the most important – 0.0367 ± 0.0105. We associate such ambiguous cytometric parameters of cardiomyocytes with the morphofunctional activity of the ventricles and the functional features of this myocardial tissue, which is capable of spontaneous rhythmic contractions, as a result of which blood moves through a closed vascular system. Information on the morphology of the heart of a domestic dog, including the results of the study of the macro- and microscopic structure of the studied organs, which are presented in the publication, are of great importance for histology and comparative anatomy, and also make a significant contribution to clinical veterinary medicine.

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Section: вступunclassified

Anatomical and morphological features of the heart of a domestic dog (Canis Lupus Familiaris L., 1758)

Ragulya,

Goralskyi,

Sokulskyi

et al. 2024

SMLNUVMB

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“…Therefore, an urgent task is to study the composition, structural, and functional features of the morpho-architectonics of the cardiovascular system in general and the heart in particular in productive animals, which is the basis for clinical veterinary medicine (Rykiel et al, 2020;Pilz et al, 2022). The cardiovascular system includes the central organ -the heart, arteries, veins, and intermediate vessels between themthe microcirculatory channel (arterioles, capillaries, venules) (Christoffels & Jensen, 2020;Kots et al, 2021;Raiola et al, 2023). Thanks to this, formed in the process of phylogenetic development of the cardiovascular system, a single morphofunctional complex: heart -> arteries ->arterioles -> capillaries -> venules -> veins -> heart, the primary vital functions of the body -nutrition, and breathing -are ensured (Poelmann & Gittenberger-de Groot, 2019;Bi & Zhang, 2021;Cupello et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peculiarities of macro- and cytometric assessment of morphological structures of the domestic pig heart

Horalskyi,

Ragulya,

Kolesnik

et al. 2024

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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The cardiovascular system, which includes the heart, is one of the essential systems of the human and animal body. With its participation, the blood supply of the organs takes place; it promotes the outflow of lymph from the organs and its transport into the veins, and it helps to implement the functions of the organs of immune protection, endocrine, and nervous systems. The work aims to conduct a macro-, histo-, and cytomorphometric assessment of the morphological structures of the heart of the domestic pig using complex research methods (macroscopic, histological, morphometric). Functionally mature, clinically healthy animals (n = 7) of Sus scrofa f. domestica were used for the work. According to organometallic studies, the absolute weight of a pig's heart is 487.4 ± 8.12 g; the relative weight is 0.290 ± 0.004%, and the net weight of the heart is 461.4 ± 8.0 g. According to its linear dimensions, a domestic pig's heart is elongated-narrowed (conical) type, as evidenced by the heart development index of 155.1 ± 6.3%. According to the functional load of the muscle tissues of the myocardium of the heart and its separate morphological structures (ventricles and atria) when performing particular work during spontaneous rhythmic contractions, the absolute mass of the ventricles and atria is different. The enormous mass is characteristic of the left ventricle, then the right, and the smallest for the left and right atria. Therefore, the ventricles of the heart are more functionally developed, as evidenced by the ratio coefficient (1:0.79) of the mass of the ventricles to the net mass of the heart, respectively, the ratio coefficient (1:0.21) of the mass of the atria to the net mass of the heart and the ratio coefficient (1:0.27) atrial mass to ventricular mass. Cardiomyocytes of the left ventricle have the most significant volume, cardiomyocytes of the right ventricle have a smaller volume, and cardiomyocytes of the atria have the smallest volume. Their nuclear volumes have similar values, respectively, in the left ventricle – 77.16 ± 2.01 μm3, the right ventricle – 76.02 ± 2.43 μm3, and the atrium – 75.97 ± 3.24 μm3, and the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio is different from them: the smallest nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, respectively characteristic of cardiomyocytes of the left ventricle, significantly more for cardiomyocytes of the right ventricle and significantly the most for cardiomyocytes of the atria. The scientific results of morphoarchitectonics, organo-, histo-, and cytometry of the heart of the domestic pig presented in the publication supplement the information on the morphological structure of the heart of domestic animals in the relevant sections of histology, comparative anatomy and are a significant contribution to clinical cardiology.

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“…Three-dimensional (3D) computer reconstruction of anatomical structures has become a classic method of morphological research in recent decades [1][2][3]. The method is used to reproduce and study the shape of rather small structures in cases where the specimen is ineffective or impossible due to the small size of the structures or their close syntopy [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peculiarities of the Identification of Different Types of Tissues During 3d-Reconstruction of Human Microscopic Structures

Dmytrenko,

Koval,

Andrushchak

et al. 2023

Neonatol. hìr. perinat. med.

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3D reconstruction is an informative, objective method of morphological research that consists in transforming a seriesof successive sections (histological, macroscopic, anatomical sections, computed tomography (CT), etc.) into a virtual threedimensional (digital) image that can be studied in diff erent projections and measure volumes, areas, diameters, angles, save, copy, edit.The aim of the study. The aim of this work was to compare the eff ectiveness of 3D reconstruction methods of various tissuesand microscopic anatomical structures of the human body in the prenatal period of development.Material and methods. The research was carried out on 6 series of consecutive histological sections of human embryos atthe age of 4 to 6 weeks of intrauterine development (IUD), 15 samples of organ complexes of the head, limbs and trunk of human fetuses at the age of 7 to 12 weeks of IUD, human fetuses aged 4-9 months of IUD by the method of making histological (5), as well as histotopographic sections (10) directly from the paraffi n block and their digitization, and 14 CT of human fetuses aged 4 to 9 months of IUD. The studies were conducted in accordance with the most important regulations of the resolution of the First National Bioethics Congress «General Ethical Principles of Experiments on Animals» (2001), ICH GCP (1996), the European Union Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine (April 4, 1997) and the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used in Experimental and Other Scientifi c Research (March 18, 1986). 1997) and the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Experimental and Other Scientifi c Purposes (18.03.1986), the Declaration of Helsinki on Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects (1964-2008), EU Directives № 609 (24.11.1986), Orders of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine № 690 dated 23.09.2009, № 944 dated 14.12.2009, № 616 dated 03.08.2012. The work is carried out within the framework of the initiative research work of the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology of the Bukovinian State Medical University «Structural and functional peculiarities of tissues and organs in ontogenesis, regularities of variant, constitutional, gender, age and comparative human morphology». State registration number: 0121U110121. Terms of execution: 01.2021-12.2025.Results. 3D reconstruction of series of consecutive histological sections is eff ective for the study of embryonic specimens,organ complexes of prefetuses and certain microscopic structures of human fetuses due to easy identifi cation of histological structures, however, it is necessary to improve the methods of alignment of histological sections both in the correct sequence of the series and in the natural position. 3D reconstruction of histotopographic sections is recommended for the study of specimens of organ complexes of human prefetuses and fetuses. 3D reconstruction of CT sections is an eff ective and highly accurate tool for the study of X-ray contrast anatomical structures in the fetal period of IUD (bone tissue, contrasting blood vessels), allows using a certain research algorithm to detect and measure ossifi cation centers and syntopy of blood vessels with bones.Conclusions. For wide application in morphology, the method of 3D reconstruction requires technical improvement of thesoftware- hardware complex for reconstruction, namely: automation of segmentation of sections, as well as improvement ofmethods of polychrome marking of anatomical structures for their clear diff erentiation.

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Imaging Approaches and the Quantitative Analysis of Heart Development

Cited by 9 publications

References 96 publications

Anatomical and morphological features of the heart of a domestic dog (Canis Lupus Familiaris L., 1758)

Anatomical and morphological features of the heart of a domestic dog (Canis Lupus Familiaris L., 1758)

Peculiarities of macro- and cytometric assessment of morphological structures of the domestic pig heart

Peculiarities of the Identification of Different Types of Tissues During 3d-Reconstruction of Human Microscopic Structures

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