Imaging brain trauma

Duckworth, Josh; Stevens, Robert

doi:10.1097/mcc.0b013e3283374900

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…MTI is a technique that uses an off-resonance saturation selective pulse to saturate protons associated with macromolecules. MT generates contrast based upon submolecular exchange processes in parenchyma, specifically, the interaction between free water protons and macromolecular protons such as proteins and phospholipids, which coat the axonal membranes and myelin sheaths (Duckworth and Stevens, 2010) in the brain's microstructure. The technique is achieved through magnetization interaction based on dipolar or chemical exchange (sometimes both).…”

Section: Fig 1 Ct (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown decreased MTR in white matter regions of patients with TBI McGowan et al, 2000) even when there was no observable pathology on conventional imaging (Duckworth and Stevens, 2010;Kimura et al, 1996;Mamere et al, 2009;Sinson et al, 2001). Furthermore, MTI has proven sensitive in detecting changes in patients with even mild brain injury .…”

Section: Fig 1 Ct (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging Imaging Tools for Use with Traumatic Brain Injury Research

Hunter

Wilde

Tong

et al. 2012

Journal of Neurotrauma

116

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This article identifies emerging neuroimaging measures considered by the inter-agency Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Neuroimaging Workgroup. This article attempts to address some of the potential uses of more advanced forms of imaging in TBI as well as highlight some of the current considerations and unresolved challenges of using them. We summarize emerging elements likely to gain more widespread use in the coming years, because of 1) their utility in diagnosis, prognosis, and understanding the natural course of degeneration or recovery following TBI, and potential for evaluating treatment strategies; 2) the ability of many centers to acquire these data with scanners and equipment that are readily available in existing clinical and research settings; and 3) advances in software that provide more automated, readily available, and cost-effective analysis methods for large scale data image analysis. These include multi-slice CT, volumetric MRI analysis, susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), magnetization transfer imaging (MTI), arterial spin tag labeling (ASL), functional MRI (fMRI), including resting state and connectivity MRI, MR spectroscopy (MRS), and hyperpolarization scanning. However, we also include brief introductions to other specialized forms of advanced imaging that currently do require specialized equipment, for example, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), encephalography (EEG), and magnetoencephalography (MEG)/magnetic source imaging (MSI). Finally, we identify some of the challenges that users of the emerging imaging CDEs may wish to consider, including quality control, performing multi-site and longitudinal imaging studies, and MR scanning in infants and children.

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Section: Fig 1 Ct (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fig 1 Ct (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Imaging Tools for Use with Traumatic Brain Injury Research

Hunter

Wilde

Tong

et al. 2012

Journal of Neurotrauma

116

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“…This damage is thought to be a major contributor to functional outcomes following TBI (Niogi & Mukherjee, 2010 ). Conventional neuroimaging techniques, such as computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are often used to assess brain damage following a TBI and are highly effective in identifying focal lesions; however these techniques tend to underestimate the amount of white matter damage (Duckworth & Stevens, 2010 ; Mayer et al, 2010 ). Thus, standard neuroimaging has failed to adequately detect the full extent of the damage that occurs after a TBI, thereby limiting its usefulness for diagnostic, treatment/management, and prognostic purposes (Niogi & Mukherjee, 2010 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) Findings Following Pediatric Non-Penetrating TBI: A Meta-Analysis

Roberts

Mathias

Rose

2014

Developmental Neuropsychology

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This study meta-analyzed research examining Diffusion Tensor Imaging following pediatric non-penetrating traumatic brain injury to identify the location and extent of white matter changes. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) data from 20 studies were analyzed. FA increased and ADC decreased in most white matter tracts in the short-term (moderate-to-large effects), and FA decreased and ADC increased in the medium- to long-term (moderate-to-very-large effects). Whole brain (short-term), cerebellum and corpus callosum (medium- to long-term) FA values have diagnostic potential, but the impact of age/developmental stage and injury severity on FA/ADC, and the predictive value, is unclear.

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“…The significance of brain MRI as a prognostic tool in the acute setting of TBI is being actively investigated (71). MRI sequences such as diffusion weighted imaging and susceptibility weighted imaging are potentially more sensitive to diffuse axonal injury and have been shown to increase the accuracy of outcome prediction (72)(73)(74).…”

Section: Neuroimagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognosis in Severe Brain Injury

Stevens¹,

Sutter²

2013

Critical Care Medicine

110

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Articles were scrutinized regarding study design, population evaluated, interventions, outcomes, and limitations. Outcome prediction in severe brain injury is reliant on features of the neurologic examination, anatomical and physiological changes identified with CT and MRI, abnormalities detected with electroencephalography and evoked potentials, and physiological and biochemical derangements at both the brain and systemic levels. Use of such information in univariable association studies generally lacks specificity in classifying neurologic outcome. Furthermore, the accuracy of established prognostic classifiers may be affected by the introduction of outcome-modifying interventions, such as therapeutic hypothermia following cardiac arrest. Although greater specificity may be achieved with scoring systems derived from multivariable models, they generally fail to predict outcome with sufficient accuracy to be meaningful at the single patient level. Discriminative models which integrate knowledge of genetic determinants and biologic processes governing both injury and repair and account for the effects of resuscitative and rehabilitative care are needed.

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Imaging brain trauma

Abstract: Refinements in neuroimaging offer a window into the complex neuroanatomical and neurophysiological disturbances induced by TBI. Research is needed to understand how these alterations evolve with time and in response to therapeutic interventions.

Cited by 24 publications

References 70 publications

Emerging Imaging Tools for Use with Traumatic Brain Injury Research

Emerging Imaging Tools for Use with Traumatic Brain Injury Research

Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) Findings Following Pediatric Non-Penetrating TBI: A Meta-Analysis

Prognosis in Severe Brain Injury

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