Imaging cellular activity and proliferation in the aortic wall

Syed, Maaz; Fletcher, Alexander; Dweck, Marc R

doi:10.1007/s12350-019-01987-3

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…[20][21][22] In the future, knowledge gained from these studies may facilitate early-stage risk stratification; however, further preclinical and clinical investigations are warranted to reinforce this theory. 23 Li et al demonstrated that the uptake of [ 18 F]-labeled sodium fluoride ([ 18 F]NaF), reflecting microcalcification, is increased between days 14 and 28 in the angiotensin II-induced AAA murine model preceding notable aortic expansion. 24 In the same model, Nahrendorf et al showed that the uptake of [ 18 F]-cross-linked iron oxide ([ 18 F]CLIO) in AAA is associated with the risk of AAA growth and rupture.…”

Section: Preclinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18,52,53 Markers of cell proliferation and chemokine receptors such as [ 18 F]FLT and [ 64 Cu]DOTA-ECL1i are promising, and preliminary trials in patients are warranted to determine if these approaches may translate to the clinic. 17,19,23 [ 18 F]fluoromethylcholine, which is commonly implemented in prostate cancer staging, may also be beneficial to incidentally detect AAA in patients with prostate cancer. 54 With these radiotracer applications, PET remains an attractive modality to advance our understanding of AAA pathophysiology, while novel molecular tracer agents are introduced, and hybrid multimodality systems are improved.…”

Section: Emerging Radiotracersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prospect of positron emission tomography for abdominal aortic aneurysm risk stratification

Gandhi

Bell

Bailey

et al. 2021

Journal of Nuclear Cardiology

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Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) disease is characterized by an asymptomatic, permanent, focal dilatation of the abdominal aorta progressing towards rupture, which confers significant mortality. Patient management and surgical decisions rely on aortic diameter measurements via abdominal ultrasound surveillance. However, AAA rupture can occur at small diameters or may never occur at large diameters, implying that anatomical size is not necessarily a sufficient indicator. Molecular imaging may help identify high-risk patients through AAA evaluation independent of aneurysm size, and there is the question of the potential role of positron emission tomography (PET) and emerging role of novel radiotracers for AAA. Therefore, this review summarizes PET studies conducted in the last 10 years and discusses the usefulness of PET radiotracers for AAA risk stratification. The most frequently reported radiotracer was [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose, indicating inflammatory activity and reflecting the biomechanical properties of AAA. Emerging radiotracers include [18F]-labeled sodium fluoride, a calcification marker, [64Cu]DOTA-ECL1i, an indicator of chemokine receptor type 2 expression, and [18F]fluorothymidine, a marker of cell proliferation. For novel radiotracers, preliminary trials in patients are warranted before their widespread clinical implementation. AAA rupture risk is challenging to evaluate; therefore, clinicians may benefit from PET-based risk assessment to guide patient management and surgical decisions.

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Section: Preclinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Emerging Radiotracersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospect of positron emission tomography for abdominal aortic aneurysm risk stratification

Gandhi

Bell

Bailey

et al. 2021

Journal of Nuclear Cardiology

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“…Thorough investigation is required to assess the role of proliferation in AAA remodeling and how it correlates with the outcome of the disease in patients. 83…”

Section: Proliferationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Biological Pathways in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Using Positron Emission Tomography

Bell

Gandhi

Shawer

et al. 2021

ATVB

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Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a focal dilation of the aorta associated with high mortality through rupture. Most of our understanding of the biology that drives AAA progression originates from surgical samples acquired in cases of elective open repair. These markers, which include macrophage infiltration and angiogenesis, have led to the exploration of novel radiopharmaceuticals to study AAA in preclinical models and human patients. Current clinical practice to detect AAA involves ultrasound-based screening and surveillance. Although ultrasound is cheap and without radiation risk, aortic diameter does not predict the heterogenous growth of AAA between patients. Positron emission tomography takes advantage of novel radiolabeled markers of disease to track biological changes. In human trials, the role of 2-[ 18 F]-fluorodeoxyglucose in detecting aneurysm growth and outcome is still debated, whereas sodium [ 18 F]-fluoride (microcalcification) has been shown to predict AAA growth and clinical outcome. Murine studies have been used to assess the suitability of radiotracers detecting inflammation, angiogenesis, and proliferation. However, in the absence of human data, the clinical suitability and applicability of these tracers remain speculative. This review examines how markers of AAA change over time and the ability of positron emission tomography to track these changes and discusses the radiopharmaceuticals that could have an application in stratifying AAA subjects.

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Imaging cellular activity and proliferation in the aortic wall

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Prospect of positron emission tomography for abdominal aortic aneurysm risk stratification

Prospect of positron emission tomography for abdominal aortic aneurysm risk stratification

Imaging Biological Pathways in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Using Positron Emission Tomography

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