Imaging Features of the Juvenile Inflammatory Arthropathies

Sudoł‐Szopińska, Iwona; Jans, Lennart; Jurik, Anne Grethe; Hemke, Robert; Eshed, Iris; Boutry, Nathalie

doi:10.1055/s-0038-1639468

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In contrast to ILAR’s classification, in the criteria of the European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group (ESSG) (7,8) , juvenile spondyloarthritis is a separate disease group, with subtypes comparable to those of adult patients. In the early phase of the disease, the majority of cases of JSpA fall into the undifferentiated category, which is called seronegative enthesopathy and arthritis syndrome (SEA).…”

Section: Juvenile-onset Spondyloarthropathies: Definitions and Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Classifications and imaging of juvenile spondyloarthritis

et al. 2018

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Juvenile spondyloarthritis may be present in at least 3 subtypes of juvenile idiopathic arthritis according to the classification of the International League of Associations for Rheumatology. By contrast with spondyloarthritis in adults, juvenile spondyloarthritis starts with inflammation of peripheral joints and entheses in the majority of children, whereas sacroiliitis and spondylitis may develop many years after the disease onset. Peripheral joint involvement makes it difficult to differentiate juvenile spondyloarthritis from other juvenile idiopathic arthritis subtypes. Sacroiliitis, and especially spondylitis, although infrequent in childhood, may manifest as low back pain. In clinical practice, radiographs of the sacroiliac joints or pelvis are performed in most of the cases even though magnetic resonance imaging offers more accurate diagnosis of sacroiliitis. Neither disease classification criteria nor imaging recommendations have taken this advantage into account in patients with juvenile spondyloarthritis. The use of magnetic resonance imaging in evaluation of children and adolescents with a clinical suspicion of sacroiliitis would improve early diagnosis, identification of inflammatory changes and treatment. In this paper, we present the imaging features of juvenile spondyloarthritis in juvenile ankylosing spondylitis, juvenile psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis with spondyloarthritis, and juvenile arthropathies associated with inflammatory bowel disease.

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Section: Juvenile-onset Spondyloarthropathies: Definitions and Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Classifications and imaging of juvenile spondyloarthritis

et al. 2018

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“…Based on the dominant clinical manifestations within the first 6 months of the disease as well as the results of laboratory tests, JIA is divided into subtypes: oligoarthritis, systemic arthritis, polyarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, enthesitis-related arthritis, and undifferentiated arthritis. Severe MSK disability affects 2 % to 5 % of children, and 31 % to 55 % of patients reach adulthood with active disease [37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The beauty of pediatric musculoskeletal ultrasound

Drakonaki,

Adriaensen,

Simoni

et al. 2024

Rofo

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Ultrasound is a powerful technique in pediatric imaging and musculoskeletal (MSK) imaging in many specific clinical scenarios. This article will feature some common and less common spot diagnoses in pediatric musculoskeletal ultrasound.Cases were collected by members of the Educational Committee of the ESSR (European Society of musculoSkeletal Radiology) and the Pediatric Subcommittee of the ESSR with expertise in musculoskeletal ultrasound.Fifteen clinical entities are discussed based on the features that allow diagnosis by ultrasound.Clinical history, location, and ultrasound appearance are the keys to spot diagnoses when performing pediatric musculoskeletal ultrasound.

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“…Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common inflammatory arthropathy in childhood and one of the most common chronic diseases in the pediatric population, with a prevalence close to that of type I diabetes mellitus ( 1 , 2 ) . This heterogeneous group of idiopathic inflammatory arthritis occurs in children younger than 16 years of age, with symptoms persisting for longer than six weeks ( 3 , 4 ) . The disease predominantly affects the peripheral skeleton, most often the knee, followed by the wrist and hand joints, the ankle and midfoot with the metatarsophalangeal joints being less frequently involved ( 4 ) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This heterogeneous group of idiopathic inflammatory arthritis occurs in children younger than 16 years of age, with symptoms persisting for longer than six weeks ( 3 , 4 ) . The disease predominantly affects the peripheral skeleton, most often the knee, followed by the wrist and hand joints, the ankle and midfoot with the metatarsophalangeal joints being less frequently involved ( 4 ) . Nevertheless, other analyses of patterns of joint involvement in JIA show that the first metatarsophalangeal joint is the most commonly affected joint in the forefoot ( 5 ) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound and MRI of the foot in children and adolescents newly diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Posadzy,

Ostrowska,

Michalski

et al. 2023

J Ultrason

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Aim: To evaluate the spectrum of inflammatory features in foot joints which may be detected on routinely performed ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in children newly diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Material and methods: Two groups of children hospitalized in a reference center for rheumatology, newly diagnosed with JIA and suspected of foot involvement in the course of JIA were included in this retrospective study. In the first group of 47 patients aged 1–18 years, the imaging was restricted to US. The second group of 22 patients aged 5–18 years underwent only non-contrast MRI of the foot. Results: The most frequent pathologies seen on US included effusion and synovial thickening in the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTP1), followed by the tibiotalar joint. Synovial hyperemia on color Doppler US images was present most frequently in the Chopart and midtarsal joints (64%; 7/11 cases), followed by the tibiotalar joint (45%; 5/11), and MTP2–5 joint synovitis (40%; 4/10). Grade 3 hyperemia was present only in four cases; grades 1 and 2 were detected in the majority of cases. On MRI, bone marrow edema was the most frequent pathology, found mostly in the calcaneus (45%; 10/22 cases), while alterations of the forefoot were rare. No cases of bursitis, enthesitis, cysts, erosions or ankylosis were diagnosed in either of the analyzed groups. Conclusions: Routine US of the foot is recommended for early detection of its involvement in JIA in daily clinical practice. Although MRI can identify features of various JIA stages, it is particularly useful for the detection of bone marrow alterations.

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Imaging Features of the Juvenile Inflammatory Arthropathies

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

Classifications and imaging of juvenile spondyloarthritis

Classifications and imaging of juvenile spondyloarthritis

The beauty of pediatric musculoskeletal ultrasound

Ultrasound and MRI of the foot in children and adolescents newly diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

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