Imaging findings in tumors of the sacrum.

Disler, David G.; Miklić, Dina

doi:10.2214/ajr.173.6.10584822

Cited by 70 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…13 The appearance on CT scans usually consists of lytic bone destruction in addition to a disproportionately large presacral mass. Calcification is present in 30 to 70% of cases.…”

Section: Radiological Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current management of sacral chordoma

Fourney¹,

Gokaslan²

2003

FOC

132

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Sacral chordomas are relatively rare, locally invasive, malignant neoplasms. Although metastasis is infrequent at presentation, the prognosis for patients with chordoma of the sacrum is reported to be poor and attributable in most cases to intralesional resection. The value of adjuvant treatment is uncertain, and resection remains the primary mode of treatment. Chordomas are difficult to excise completely, but recent improvements in imaging and surgical techniques have allowed surgeons to perform more frequently en bloc sacral resections with wide surgical margins. The technical challenges of such operations, and the functional costs for the patient (with respect to anorectal and urogenital dysfunction) are significantly increased when the tumor involves high sacral levels. The authors review the clinical presentation and natural history of sacral chordoma and discuss the current treatment techniques and outcomes.

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“…13 The appearance on CT scans usually consists of lytic bone destruction in addition to a disproportionately large presacral mass. Calcification is present in 30 to 70% of cases.…”

Section: Radiological Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current management of sacral chordoma

Fourney¹,

Gokaslan²

2003

FOC

132

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“…Metastases are the most common malignant neoplasm of the pelvis, specifically the sacrum, with lung, breast, kidney, and prostate carcinoma the most frequent primary neoplasms [11]. Metastatic lesions are usually osteolytic although sclerotic lesions can be encountered from primary tumors, such as prostate or breast carcinoma.…”

Section: Malignant Tumors (Above the Age Of 40 Years)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Review of Skeletal Tumors of the Pelvis Malignant Tumors and Tumor Mimics

Girish

Finlay

Fessell

et al. 2012

The Scientific World Journal

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Malignant lesions of the pelvis are not uncommon and need to be differentiated from benign lesions and tumor mimics. Appearances are sometimes nonspecific leading to consideration of a broad differential diagnosis. Clinical history, anatomic location, and imaging characterization can help narrow the differential diagnosis. The focus of this paper is to demonstrate the imaging features and the role of plain films, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging for detecting and characterizing malignant osseous pelvic lesions and their common mimics.

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“…The incidence of myelomas peaks in the sixth and seventh decades of life; the tumor is more common in men than women, with a ratio of almost 2:1. Typically, multiple round lytic lesions with nonsclerotic margins occur, though in some patients (12 25%) there is diffuse demineralization (1). Multiple lesions are depicted as hypointense to healthy marrow at T1-weighted imaging, and hyperintense at T2-weighted imaging (2) (Fig.…”

Section: Multple Myelomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Findings of Sacral Tumors

Kim

Hong

Choi

et al. 2003

J Korean Radiol Soc

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Sacral tumors include primary bone tumors, sacral canal tumors and, most commonly, metastases. The most common primary malignant bone tumor is chordoma, and the second most common is giant cell tumor. The presence of multiple lesions involving the sacrum and other bones suggests metastasis or multiple myeloma. Although the imaging findings of sacral tumors are nonspecific, a patient's age and sex, and specific findings such as calcification or fluid-fluid levels, can help radiologists determine the differential diagnosis. The imaging findings may overlap, however, in which case the final diagnosis can be determined by biopsy. We illustrate the imaging findings of primary sacral tumors, emphasizing the MRI findings. Benign Bone Tumors Giant Cell TumorGiant cell tumor is the second most common primary sacral tumor. Its peak incidence is during the 2 nd-4th decades of life, and there is female predominance (1 4). Sacral giant cell tumors are frequently eccentric and originate in anterior spinal elements. They are generally found in a subchondral location in both long and flat bones, and this may lead to transarticular spread (3, 5). Typically, the tumor is a purely lytic lesion without marginal sclerosis or tumor matrix calcification. Due to the presence of necrosis and hemorrhage, heterogeneous intermediate signal intensity is seen at both T1-and T2-weighted MR imaging (3) (Fig. 1). Aneurysmal Bone CystAneurysmal bone cysts are expansile lesions with multiloculated blood-filled sacs. Their incidence peaks during the second decade of life, and there is slight female predominance (4). They may result from trauma or coexist with other bone lesions, both benign and ma- The various pathologic conditions detected at CT and MRI and subsumed by the term "sacral tumor" include primary bone tumors, sacral canal tumors and metastases. Among these, metastases are much more common than primary bone tumors, of which chordoma is the most common. Although the imaging findings of sacral tumors are nonspecific, a patient's age and sex, and specific findings such as calcification or fluid-fluid levels, can help radiologists in their differential diagnosis. We describe the imaging findings of primary sacral tumors, emphasizing the MRI findings.

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Imaging findings in tumors of the sacrum.

Cited by 70 publications

References 0 publications

Current management of sacral chordoma

Current management of sacral chordoma

Imaging Review of Skeletal Tumors of the Pelvis Malignant Tumors and Tumor Mimics

Imaging Findings of Sacral Tumors

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