Imaging magnetic scalar potentials by laser-induced fluorescence from bright and dark atoms

Fescenko, Ilja; Weis, A.

doi:10.1088/0022-3727/47/23/235001

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The diffusion coefficient, D, is given by [47]. These are order-of-magnitude increases in spatial resolution compared to previous imaging experiments [9,13,21,48]. Peak-to-trough feature sizes as small as 70 10 m m  can be seen in the OD mw images, approaching the estimated diffusion-limited spatial resolution.…”

Section: Spatial Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…is the Kr (N 2 ) pressure, and we have used D 0, Kr = 0.068 cm 2 /s [45] and D 0, N 2 = 0.159 cm 2 /s [46]. These are order-of-magnitude increases in spatial resolution compared to previous imaging experiments [9,13,20,47].…”

Section: Spatial Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A particularly promising feature of our system is that it can be configured to also image microwave electric fields [13]. Sub-millimeter spatial resolution has been reported in the vapor cell bulk for a number of sensing techniques [9][10][11][12][13][19][20][21][22][23], but typical outer dimensions of cells have limited usable spatial resolution to the millimeter-scale or larger. Feature sizes in near-fields are on the order of the distance from the field source, meaning that, for example, micrometer-order spatial resolution cannot be exploited when performing sensing millimeters away from a field source.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Widefield microwave imaging in alkali vapor cells with sub-100μm resolution

Horsley

Treutlein

2015

New J. Phys.

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We report on widefield microwave vector field imaging with sub-100 m m resolution using a microfabricated alkali vapor cell. The setup can additionally image dc magnetic fields, and can be configured to image microwave electric fields. Our camera-based widefield imaging system records 2D images with a 6 × 6 mm 2 field of view at a rate of 10 Hz. It provides up to 50 m m spatial resolution, and allows imaging of fields as close as 150 m m above structures, through the use of thin external cell walls. This is crucial in allowing us to take practical advantage of the high spatial resolution, as feature sizes in near-fields are on the order of the distance from their source, and represent an order of magnitude improvement in surface-feature resolution compared to previous vapor cell experiments. We present microwave and dc magnetic field images above a selection of devices, demonstrating a microwave sensitivity of 1.4 T Hz 1 2 m per 50 50 140 m 3 ḿ´voxel, at present limited by the speed of our camera system. Since we image 120 × 120 voxels in parallel, a single scanned sensor would require a sensitivity of at least 12 nT Hz 1 2 to produce images with the same sensitivity. Our technique could prove transformative in the design, characterization, and debugging of microwave devices, as there are currently no satisfactory established microwave imaging techniques. Moreover, it could find applications in medical imaging.

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Section: Spatial Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Spatial Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Widefield microwave imaging in alkali vapor cells with sub-100μm resolution

Horsley

Treutlein

2015

New J. Phys.

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“…By imaging spins in the atomic cell, it is also possible to obtain the magnetic-field distribution, as has been recently demonstrated [11]. For atomic magnetometer applications, magnetic-field mapping can be useful to evaluate the presence of ferromagnetic contamination in the vicinity of the atomic cell, including in the material of the cell itself [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gradient-echo 3D imaging of Rb polarization in fiber-coupled atomic magnetometer

Savukov

2015

Journal of Magnetic Resonance

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The analogy between atomic and nuclear spins is exploited to implement 3D imaging of polarization inside the cell of an atomic magnetometer. The resolution of 0.8mm×1.2mm×1.4mm has been demonstrated with the gradient-echo imaging method. The imaging can be used in many applications. One such an application is the evaluation of active volume of an atomic magnetometer for sensitivity analysis and optimization. It has been found that imaging resolution is limited due to de-phasing from spin-exchange collisions and diffusion in the presence of gradients, and for a given magnetometer operational parameters, the imaging sequence has been optimized. Diffusion decay of the signal in the presence of gradients has been modeled numerically and analytically, and the analytical results, which agreed with numerical simulations, have been used to fit the spin-echo gradient measurements to extract the diffusion coefficient. The diffusion coefficient was found in agreement with previous measurements.

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“…Fescenko and Weis 24 have derived (and experimentally verified) algebraic equations that relate the spatial distribution of the fluorescence intensity emitted by a thin twodimensional layer of Cs atoms in a buffer gas to the orientation and magnitude of the field in that layer. The methods elaborated in that paper form the basis for inferring quantitative magnetic field values from the recorded fluorescence intensities.…”

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confidence: 99%

A magnetic source imaging camera

Dolgovskiy

Fescenko

Sekiguchi

et al. 2016

Applied Physics Letters

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We describe a magnetic source imaging camera (MSIC) allowing a direct dynamic visualization of the two-dimensional spatial distribution of the individual components B x ðx; yÞ; B y ðx; yÞ and B z ðx; yÞ of a magnetic field. The field patterns allow-in principle-a reconstruction of the distribution of sources that produce the field B by inverse problem analysis. We compare experimentally recorded point-spread functions, i.e., field patterns produced by point-like magnetic dipoles of different orientations with anticipated field patterns. Currently, the MSIC can resolve fields of %10 pT (1 s measurement time) range in a field of view up to $20 Â 20 mm 2 . The device has a large range of possible applications. As an example, we demonstrate the MSIC's use for recording the spatially resolved N eel magnetorelaxation of blocked magnetic nanoparticles.In recent years, optically pumped atomic magnetometers (AMs), also known as optical magnetometers, operated by laser light have achieved intrinsic magnetometric sensitivities in the fT= ffiffiffiffiffiffi For mapping magnetic field distributions over extended regions of space, one may scan a single (scalar or vector component) magnetometer through the volume of interest, a very time-consuming method. Taue et al. 4 have demonstrated 10 pT magnetometric and mm spatial resolutions by scanning a single high-sensitivity AM through the field produced by an object. AMs have recently been deployed for eddy current imaging of electrically conductive materials yielding a sub-mm resolution. 5,6 Very recently, a flux-guide based AM microscope has demonstrated a resolution of 250 lm and a sensitivity of 23 pT= ffiffiffiffiffiffi Hz p . 7 However, such sequential measurements are speed-limited by the involved mechanical motion and can hence not be used for time-and space-resolved recordings or direct field visualization. A more efficient approach involves arrays of individual magnetometers, [8][9][10][11] each containing an individual vapour cell and a photodetector. The spatial resolution in that case is determined by the number of sensors, the achieved signal/noise ratio, and source reconstruction algorithms.In most AM-based field-mapping devices, the magnetometric information of interest is encoded into the intensity (or polarization) of atomic resonance radiation. Nonlinear magneto-optical effects (reviewed, e.g., in Ref. 12) form the basis for such an optical encoding. In this letter, we describe a magnetic source imaging camera (MSIC) that builds on this principle. We detect fluorescence from a single atomic vapour cell by a CCD camera, the camera pixels playing the role of individual photodetectors. The parallel recording and processing of all camera pixels can be interpreted in terms of an identical number of magnetometer signals, which make the MSIC a magnetometer with a high spatial resolution. Such a device has the potential for a wealth of practical applications, ranging from screening for magnetic material contaminations to biomedical imaging.In the past, several experimen...

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Imaging magnetic scalar potentials by laser-induced fluorescence from bright and dark atoms

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Widefield microwave imaging in alkali vapor cells with sub-100μm resolution

Widefield microwave imaging in alkali vapor cells with sub-100μm resolution

Gradient-echo 3D imaging of Rb polarization in fiber-coupled atomic magnetometer

A magnetic source imaging camera

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