Imaging of abdominal and pelvic infections in the cancer patient

Itani, Malak; Menias, Christine O.; Mellnick, Vincent M.; Zakhem, Aline El; Elsayes, Khaled M.; Katabathina, Venkata S.; Revzin, Margarita V.

doi:10.1007/s00261-020-02896-7

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Endoscopy can also be used to evaluate mucosal surfaces; it can provide information about the patient’s ongoing malignancy situation. In the cases reported, the CT abdomen and pelvis (AP) has shown the entero-colonic fistula to be associated with mesenteric edema with free air in the abdomen [ 17 ]. The fistula was also apparent between the thick-walled bowel segments and the mid-sigmoid colon of the patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Enterocolitis Featuring the Perforation of the Sigmoid Colon, Small Bowel, and Entero-Colonic Fistula: A Case Report

Mao¹,

Hanssen²,

Singh³

2023

Cureus

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Radiation enteritis poses a treatment challenge for patients undergoing or completing radiation therapy. A significant issue has been the patient's and surgeon’s lack of awareness of the condition and the radiotherapy or associated surgical treatments. A 66-year-old female presented with acute onset of diffuse abdominal pain and peritonitis for one day, status post radiation therapy following a diagnosis of cervical cancer. A review of systems was positive for diffuse sweating, chills, and nausea. The patient was diagnosed with an entero-colonic fistula with mesenteric edema. An entero-colonic fistula due to radiation enterocolitis is a rare but important complication that can occur after radiation therapy for abdominal or pelvic malignancies. With any patient who has a history of abdominal or pelvic cancer and has received radiotherapy and shows up with acute abdomen, bowel perforation should be considered in the differential diagnosis with the possible management of acute complications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Enterocolitis Featuring the Perforation of the Sigmoid Colon, Small Bowel, and Entero-Colonic Fistula: A Case Report

Mao¹,

Hanssen²,

Singh³

2023

Cureus

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“…Chemotherapy and radiation therapy have been widely used in patients with cancer in recent years, as well as repeated antibiotics to prevent infections ( 13 ). The treatment of cancer and antibiotics may promote intestinal mucosal destruction, placing patients at a significantly higher risk of developing refractory enteritides, such as clostridium difficile-associated colitis and neutropenic enterocolitis ( 14 ). The treatment of gastrointestinal infection is becoming clinically challenging due to long-term chemotherapy and depressed immune systems ( 15 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between site of infection and mortality in patients with cancer with sepsis or septic shock: A retrospective cohort study

Chen

Huang

et al. 2022

Exp Ther Med

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Infections are associated with increased mortality in patients with sepsis or septic shock. However, to the best of our knowledge, the influence of the site of infection on patients with cancer remains unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between the site of infection and mortality in patients with cancer and sepsis or septic shock. The present study was conducted in a Lebanon tertiary care centre from July 2010 to April 2015. A total of 176 patients with active cancer presenting to the emergency department with sepsis or sepsis shock were included in the present analysis. Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis of the effect of the site of infection on mortality were performed. The most common site of infection was the lung (37.50%), followed by the urinary tract (26.70%), unknown site (13.63%), gastrointestinal (13.07%) and others (9.10%). The overall mortality rate was 47.73%. Gastrointestinal infection (78.26%) was associated with the highest mortality, followed by pneumonia (62.12%). The urinary tract infection with the lowest mortality rate was the reference group. After adjusting for confounding variables, gastrointestinal infection was associated with the highest in-hospital mortality [hazard ratio (HR), 2.64; 95% CI, 1.25-5.55], followed by pneumonia (HR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1. 03-3.68). The association between site of infection and 28-day and 60-day mortality was analysed by Cox regression, as well as by stratified analysis to investigate the association between site of infection and mortality from haematological and solid tumors. Gastrointestinal infection had a higher mortality rate. In conclusion, the site of infection had the same association with mortality in patients with solid and haematological tumours.

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“…Radiological assessment of BC metastasis is crucial for the successful staging and management of patients. CT is a common modality used to evaluate the chest, abdominal viscera, pelvic soft tissues, and related bones 6,13 . In practice, contrast medium is utilized to enhance the radiologic features of pathologies observed in noncontrast procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Imaging modalities such as ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) are suitable screening and diagnostic tools for monitoring cancer diseases. 6 , 12 , 13 Radiological assessment of BC metastasis is crucial for the successful staging and management of patients. CT is a common modality used to evaluate the chest, abdominal viscera, pelvic soft tissues, and related bones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CT is a common modality used to evaluate the chest, abdominal viscera, pelvic soft tissues, and related bones. 6 , 13 In practice, contrast medium is utilized to enhance the radiologic features of pathologies observed in noncontrast procedures. The literature shows the varying imaging features of BC metastases, even though they may conform to certain patterns in some organs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiologic patterns of distant organ metastasis in advanced breast cancer patients: Prospective review of computed tomography images

Jimah,

Amoako,

Ofori

et al. 2024

Cancer Reports

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BackgroundBreast cancer (BC) metastases to the abdomen and pelvis affect the liver, mesentery, retroperitoneum, peritoneum, bladder, kidney, ovary, and uterus. The study documented the radiological pattern and features of the chest, bone, abdominal and pelvic (AP) metastases among advanced BC patients.AimThe aim is to document the radiological pattern and features of breast cancer metastasis in the chest, abdomen, pelvis and bones.Materials and ResultsChest, abdominal, and pelvic computed tomography scan images of 36 patients with advanced BC were collated from Cape Coast Teaching Hospital and RAAJ Diagnostics. The images were prospectively assessed for metastasis to the organs of the chest, AP soft tissues, and bones. Radiologic features of metastasis of the lungs, liver, lymph nodes (LNs), and bones were documented. Patients' demographics, clinical data, and histopathology reports were also collected. The data were captured using UVOSYO and exported to Microsoft Excel templates. The data obtained were descriptively analyzed. Only 2.8% of BCs exhibited metaplastic BC, whereas 97.2% had invasive ductal BC. Triple‐negative cases were 55.6%. Of 36 patients, 31 (86.1%), 21 (58.3%), and 14(38.8%) were diagnosed of chest, AP, and bone tissues metastasis, respectively. LN involvement was reported in 26 (72.2%) patients. Majority, 21 (58.3%) were diagnosed of multiple sites metastasis with 15 (41.7%) showing single site. Lungs (77.4%, 24/31) and liver (47.6%, 10/21) were the most affected distant organs. Most bone metastases were lytic lesions (92.9%, 13/14) with the vertebrae (85.7%, 12/14) been the most affected.ConclusionAccording to the study, advanced BC patients have a higher‐than‐average radiologic incidence of lung, liver, bone, and LN metastases.

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Imaging of abdominal and pelvic infections in the cancer patient

Cited by 6 publications

References 83 publications

Radiation Enterocolitis Featuring the Perforation of the Sigmoid Colon, Small Bowel, and Entero-Colonic Fistula: A Case Report

Radiation Enterocolitis Featuring the Perforation of the Sigmoid Colon, Small Bowel, and Entero-Colonic Fistula: A Case Report

Association between site of infection and mortality in patients with cancer with sepsis or septic shock: A retrospective cohort study

Radiologic patterns of distant organ metastasis in advanced breast cancer patients: Prospective review of computed tomography images

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