Imaging of toxocariasis

Dietrich, Christoph F.; Creţu, Carmen; Dong, Yi

doi:10.1016/bs.apar.2020.03.001

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Definite diagnosis and subsequent treatment of OLM is difficult to be made as identification of larvae has been rarely done ( 11 ). Ocular form of toxocariasis is usually diagnosed by clinical finding on ophthalmologic examinations by ophthalmologist ( 12 ). Therefore, its detection can be challenging, because both the condition is relatively uncommon and its presentation varies from patient to patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Toxocariasis Associated with Blurred Vision and Visual Impairment: Report of Four Cases

Zibaei¹,

Mahdavi²,

Firoozeh³

et al. 2022

IJPA

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Ocular toxocariasis in humans is caused by infection with larvae of Toxocara species, which are common ascarid roundworms of mammals, kept in close proximity to human. Four cases with a history of contact with dogs and cats and blurred vision and visual impairment over periods of variable duration were examined. We screened patients diagnosed with ocular larva migrans syndrome between March and June 2021 at the Ophthalmology clinics affiliated with Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. Detailed demographics, clinical characteristics, and fundus photography were recorded. Anti-Toxocara antibodies in the sera and vitreous fluid detected by ELIZA. Complete recovery in all four patients was achieved following treatment with oral albendazole. The diagnosis of ocular toxocariasis can be challenging, because both the condition is relatively uncommon and its presentation varies from patient to patient. There are lots of differential diagnoses like retinoblastoma, therefore correct, quick diagnosis, and treatment is very important.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Toxocariasis Associated with Blurred Vision and Visual Impairment: Report of Four Cases

Zibaei¹,

Mahdavi²,

Firoozeh³

et al. 2022

IJPA

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“…Due to the slow movement of the lesions, the disease is known as visceral larva migrans. In CT or MR imaging, hepatic lesions are observed as multiple ill-defined oval lesions that measure 1.0-1.5 cm in diameter [65]. Sometimes, they may be angular or trapezoidal.…”

Section: Toxocariasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Comments and illustrations of the WFUMB CEUS liver guidelines: Rare focal liver lesion – infectious parasitic, fungus

et al. 2023

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In this series of papers on comments and illustrations of the World Federation for Medicine and Biology (WFUMB) guidelines on contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) the topics of parasitic and fungus infections are discussed. Improved detection and characterization of common focal liver lesions (FLL) are the main topics of these guidelines but detailed and illustrating information is missing. The focus in this paper on infectious (parasitic and fungus) focal liver lesions is on their appearance on B-mode and Doppler ultrasound and CEUS features. Knowledge of these data should help to raise awareness of these rarer findings, to think of these clinical pictures in the corresponding clinical situation, to interpret the ultrasound images correctly and thus to initiate the appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic steps in time.

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“…The use of a quantitative clinical scoring system, as described in randomized studies [85,86], is helpful for statistical evaluations of the evolution of the clinical picture. Abnormal patterns that can be detected on imaging techniques in organs or tissues [132] may be considered along with clinical signs in the assessment of treatment efficacy. However, great variability exists in the post-treatment evolution of these imaging abnormalities.…”

Section: Drug Of Choice Treatment Regimens and Therapeutic Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapy and Prevention for Human Toxocariasis

2022

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For the last four decades, knowledge about human toxocariasis with regard to its epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical spectrum, and imaging or laboratory diagnosis has substantially progressed. Knowledge about specific therapy with anthelmintics has lagged behind. To date, only four drugs are registered for human use, and their efficacy has rarely been assessed in prospective controlled trials. It is likely that the repurposing of potent anthelmintics from veterinary medicine will improve this situation. Due to its wide availability and a lack of major side effects during short regimens, albendazole has become the drug of choice. However, its efficacy should be more precisely assessed. The role of anthelmintics in the treatment of neurological or ocular toxocariasis remains to be clarified. Prophylactic measures in humans or companion animals are efficient and represent first-line treatments for the control of this zoonosis. Unfortunately, their implementation in areas or countries where toxocariasis epidemiology is driven by poverty is quite difficult or unrealistic.

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Imaging of toxocariasis

Cited by 16 publications

References 76 publications

Ocular Toxocariasis Associated with Blurred Vision and Visual Impairment: Report of Four Cases

Ocular Toxocariasis Associated with Blurred Vision and Visual Impairment: Report of Four Cases

Comments and illustrations of the WFUMB CEUS liver guidelines: Rare focal liver lesion – infectious parasitic, fungus

Therapy and Prevention for Human Toxocariasis

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