Imaging Techniques in the Diagnosis and Management of Ocular Tumors: Prospects and Challenges

Neupane, Rabin; Gaudana, Ripal; Boddu, Sai H. S.

doi:10.1208/s12248-018-0259-9

Cited by 25 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Using these imaging technologies, physicians can view the depth of invasion and stage of the cancer to determine the appropriate treatment. A hallmark of retinoblastoma is calcification; ultrasound allows physicians to see this calcification with greater than 92.5% accuracy …”

Section: Retinoblastoma: Overview and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Retinoblastoma and Enucleation in Pediatric Patients

Leclerc¹,

Olin²

2019

AORN Journal

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Retinoblastoma is a rare malignancy of the eye affecting children, most commonly four years old and younger. Although chemotherapy and radiation treatment aim to spare the eye, in some cases, enucleation (ie, removal of the eye) is required to prevent cancer metastases or recurrence. Enucleation procedures are primarily performed at specialty institutions and may involve the surgical placement of an implant in the orbit of the eye. Unique perioperative considerations are required because of the age of the child at the time of the diagnosis and procedure and the involvement of a parent or caregiver who will be caring for the child postoperatively. This article presents an overview of retinoblastoma and enucleation and discusses the care and management of the unique patient population undergoing enucleation.

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Section: Retinoblastoma: Overview and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Retinoblastoma and Enucleation in Pediatric Patients

Leclerc¹,

Olin²

2019

AORN Journal

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“…On the other hand, in order to improve health outcomes, several diagnostic methods have been developed. However, when using the existing techniques, there are restrictions and limitations [ 67 ]. Additionally, several studies have recently established new RB biomarkers that can be used as prognostic factors for diagnosis and can contribute to the understanding of RB pathogenesis and help address potential treatments and diagnosis approaches [ 68 ].…”

Section: The Role Of Nanotechnology In the Diagnosis Of Retinoblastomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Functionalized Nanomaterials and Nanoparticles for Diagnosis and Treatment of Retinoblastoma

et al. 2021

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Retinoblastoma is a rare type of cancer, and its treatment, as well as diagnosis, is challenging, owing to mutations in the tumor-suppressor genes and lack of targeted, efficient, cost-effective therapy, exhibiting a significant need for novel approaches to address these concerns. For this purpose, nanotechnology has revolutionized the field of medicine with versatile potential capabilities for both the diagnosis, as well as the treatment, of retinoblastoma via the targeted and controlled delivery of anticancer drugs via binding to the overexpressed retinoblastoma gene. Nanotechnology has also generated massive advancements in the treatment of retinoblastoma based on the use of surface-tailored multi-functionalized nanocarriers; overexpressed receptor-based nanocarriers ligands (folate, galactose, and hyaluronic acid); lipid-based nanocarriers; and metallic nanocarriers. These nanocarriers seem to benchmark in mitigating a plethora of malignant retinoblastoma via targeted delivery at a specified site, resulting in programmed apoptosis in cancer cells. The effectiveness of these nanoplatforms in diagnosing and treating intraocular cancers such as retinoblastoma has not been properly discussed, despite the increasing significance of nanomedicine in cancer management. This article reviewed the recent milestones and future development areas in the field of intraocular drug delivery and diagnostic platforms focused on nanotechnology.

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“…It does this by measuring the echo time delay and intensity of the reflected and backscattered light, through the depth of the tissue along a point in vivo [77]. It has been used to detect skin and retinal cancer [7879]. In breast, OCT has been demonstrated useful for the surgical margin assessment [8081].…”

Section: Optical Imaging For Measuring Hypoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Hypoxia: Non-invasive Assessment through Imaging Modalities and Its Application in Breast Cancer

Daimiel

2019

J Breast Cancer

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Oxygen is crucial to maintain the homeostasis in aerobic cells. Hypoxia is a condition in which cells are deprived of the oxygen supply necessary for their optimum performance. Whereas oxygen deprivation may occur in normal physiological processes, hypoxia is frequently associated with pathological conditions. It has been identified as a stressor in the tumor microenvironment, acting as a key mediator of cancer development. Numerous pathways are activated in hypoxic cells that affect cell signaling and gene regulation to promote the survival of these cells by stimulating angiogenesis, switching cellular metabolism, slowing their growth rate, and preventing apoptosis. The induction of dysregulated metabolism in cancer cells by hypoxia results in aggressive tumor phenotypes that are characterized by rapid progression, treatment resistance, and poor prognosis. A non-invasive assessment of hypoxia-induced metabolic and architectural changes in tumors is advisable to fully improve breast cancer (BC) patient management, by potentially reducing the need for invasive biopsy procedures and evaluating tumor response to treatment. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular changes in breast tumors secondary to hypoxia and the non-invasive imaging alternatives to evaluate oxygen deprivation, with an emphasis on their application in BC and the advantages and limitations of the currently available techniques.

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Imaging Techniques in the Diagnosis and Management of Ocular Tumors: Prospects and Challenges

Cited by 25 publications

References 92 publications

An Overview of Retinoblastoma and Enucleation in Pediatric Patients

An Overview of Retinoblastoma and Enucleation in Pediatric Patients

Multi-Functionalized Nanomaterials and Nanoparticles for Diagnosis and Treatment of Retinoblastoma

Insights into Hypoxia: Non-invasive Assessment through Imaging Modalities and Its Application in Breast Cancer

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