Imaging the thyroid

Naik, Keval; Bury, R.F.

doi:10.1016/s0009-9260(98)80289-4

Cited by 50 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 90 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We found this of limited value in detecting malignancy, because most hypoechogenic nodules are benign. Moreover, hyperechogenic lesions do not exclude malignancy, so none of US-revealed features are sufficiently specific to guide the selection of patients affected by thyroid cancer (33)(34)(35). Also, evaluation of thyroid nodules with color Doppler sonography has not given any specific patterns for malignancy (36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy of Thyroid Nodules in Detecting Malignancy in Childhood: Comparison with Conventional Clinical, Laboratory, and Imaging Approaches

Corrias

Einaudi

Chiorboli

et al. 2001

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In childhood the traditional diagnostic approach to thyroid nodules consists of clinical, laboratory, and imaging evaluations. A safe and accurate procedure is needed to promptly identify patients who require surgery.In regard to the usefulness of fine needle aspiration biopsy, the data in the literature concerning children and adolescents are scanty. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracies of clinical, laboratory, and imaging data collected retrospectively in a group of pediatric patients with thyroid nodules submitted to fine needle aspiration biopsy.Forty-two patients who underwent surgery for thyroid nodules, recruited in 9 Italian pediatric endocrine units, were retrospectively studied. According to histological diagnosis, they were divided into 2 groups, 22 patients with benign lesions and 20 patients with malignant lesions. From clinical records we obtained data about 1) symptoms of neck compression; 2) cervical adenopathy; 3) thyroid function, calcitonin level, and antithyroid antibody titers; 4) ultrasonography; 5) 99m Tc scintiscanning; and 6) cytology obtained with fine needle aspiration biopsy. Patients and nodule characteristics were analyzed statistically for associations with the presence of thyroid cancer.Among clinical findings, only adenopathy was significantly higher in the group with cancer (8 of 22 benign lesions vs. 16 of 20 malignant lesions; P ‫؍‬ 0.006). Thyroid function and antibody titers were similar in the 2 groups, whereas the serum calcitonin level was elevated only in 1 patient with malignant lesions. Among ultrasonography findings, no significant statistical difference was found between the 2 groups with regard to number, dimensions, growth progression, or hypoechogenic pattern of the nodules. Regarding scintigraphic findings, no significant difference was found between the 2 groups. However, a positive correlation (r ‫؍‬ 0.90; P < 0.0001) was found between fine needle aspiration biopsy cytological findings and histological diagnoses. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of fine needle aspiration biopsy were 95%, 86.3%, and 90.4%, respectively. A multiple regression analysis showed that only fine needle aspiration biopsy (␤ coefficient ‫؍‬ 0.963; P < 0.0001) significantly contributed to detecting malignancy (multiple r ‫؍‬ 0.973; P < 0.0001).This study provides strong evidence that fine needle aspiration biopsy is a safe technique even in childhood and adolescence, offering the best sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in detecting malignancy compared with conventional approaches. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86: 4644 -4648, 2001)

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy of Thyroid Nodules in Detecting Malignancy in Childhood: Comparison with Conventional Clinical, Laboratory, and Imaging Approaches

Corrias

Einaudi

Chiorboli

et al. 2001

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It has a well-documented place in thyroid imaging [17,18,19,20,21,22,23]. MR images provide excellent delineation of the thyroid from the surrounding tissues, either with or without gadolinium contrast enhancement [22,23,24,25]. The summation-ofareas technique has been well standardised and validated, and its reproducibility (with errors of 1-2%) is very good [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of methods for thyroid volume estimation in patients with Graves' disease

Isselt

Klerk

Rijk

et al. 2003

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Individualised dosage models are frequently applied for radioiodine therapy in patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism, especially in Europe. In these dosage schemes the thyroid volume is an important parameter. Thyroid volume determinations are usually made with ultrasonography or with thyroid scintigraphy, although the accuracy of planar scintigraphy for this purpose is not well established. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of three modalities for the determination of the thyroid volume in patients with Graves' disease: planar scintigraphy (PS), single-photon emission tomography (SPET) and ultrasonography (US). These three modalities were compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as the gold standard. Thyroid volume estimations were performed in 25 patients with Graves' disease. The PS images were subjected to filtering and thresholding, and a standard surface formula was used to calculate the thyroid volume. With SPET the iteratively reconstructed thyroid images were filtered, and after applying a threshold method an automatic segmentation algorithm was used for the volume determinations. Thyroid volumes were estimated from the US images using the ellipsoid volume model for multiple two-dimensional measurements. For MRI, thyroid segmentation was performed manually in gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images and a summation-of-areas technique was used for the volume measurements. The thyroid volumes calculated with MRI were 25.0+/-13.8 ml (mean+/-SD, range 7.0-56.3 ml). PS correlated poorly with MRI ( R(2)=0.61) and suffered from a considerable bias (-4.0+/-17.6 ml). The differences between PS and MRI volume estimations had a very large spread (33+/-58%). For SPET both the correlation with MRI ( R(2)=0.84) and the bias (1.8+/-11.9 ml) were better than for PS. US had by far the best correlation with MRI ( R(2)=0.97) and the best precision, but the bias (6.8+/-7.5 ml) was not negligible. In conclusion, SPET is preferred over PS for accurate measurements of thyroid volume. US is the most accurate of the three modalities, if a correction is made for bias.

show abstract

“…The number of thyroid incidentalomas is increasing due to widely use of highly sensitive ultrasonography for routine health examinations [4]. Previous studies have reported that incidental thyroid nodules are commonly detected at a rate of 30-50% on sonography [5,6] with a malignancy rate of about 7-15% [7][8][9][10]. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is now established as a reliable and safe method to distinguish between benign and malignant thyroid nodules [8,11,12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High Prevalence of Carcinoma in Ultrasonography-guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Thyroid Nodules

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the rate of malignancy in thyroid nodules incidentally detected at sonography and to determine the diagnostic value of ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (USgFNAC) in thyroid nodules. Methods: Five hundred patients (84 men and 416 women) who had thyroid incidentalomas underwent USgFNAC at Konkuk University Hospital between August 2005 and July 2006. Thyroid sonography and guided aspiration was performed on all single nodules and on dominant nodules with suspected malignancy in cases of multinodular goiter. Results: Five hundred fifty-eight nodules from 500 patients were aspirated using ultrasonography guidance. The USgFNAC results for all patients were as follows: 307 (61.4%) benign, 108 (21.6%) suggestive of malignancy, 56 (11.2%) indeterminate, and 29 (5.8%) inadequate for cytologic diagnosis. The rate of malignancy was significantly higher in women than in men (23.6% in women vs 11.9% in men, p<0.01). Ultrasonographic characteristics that had a significant association with thyroid malignancy included solid echocomponent, hypoechogenecity, ill defined margin, and presence of microcalcifications (p<0.05). Eighty-eight patients underwent surgical resection. The positive predictive value of USgFNAC was 90.2% (74/82), and the accuracy index was 84.1% (74/ 88). In 80 patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma after surgery, 49% (39/80) had lesions smaller than 1 cm. Conclusion: The rate of malignancy in incidental thyroid nodules on USgFNAC was 21.6%. Ultrasonographic features could be useful in differentiating between benign and malignant nodules.

show abstract

Imaging the thyroid

Cited by 50 publications

References 90 publications

Accuracy of Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy of Thyroid Nodules in Detecting Malignancy in Childhood: Comparison with Conventional Clinical, Laboratory, and Imaging Approaches

Accuracy of Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy of Thyroid Nodules in Detecting Malignancy in Childhood: Comparison with Conventional Clinical, Laboratory, and Imaging Approaches

Comparison of methods for thyroid volume estimation in patients with Graves' disease

High Prevalence of Carcinoma in Ultrasonography-guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Thyroid Nodules

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About