Imbalance in intestinal microflora constitution could be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease

Takaishi, Hiromasa; Matsuki, Takahiro; Nakazawa, Atsushi; Takada, Toshihiko; Kado, Shoichi; Asahara, Takashi; Kamada, Nobuhiko; Sakuraba, Atsushi; Yajima, Tomoharu; Higuchi, Hajime; Inoue, Nagamu; Ogata, Haruhiko; Iwao, Yasushi; Nomoto, Koji; Tanaka, Ryuichiro; Hibi, Toshifumi

doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2007.07.016

Cited by 285 publications

(228 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…These levels of Lactobacilli significantly reverted back to normal during remission, close to controls. Similar results have also been reported in other studies [69][70][71]. This was further supported by an increase in fecal lactate level (as measured by gas chromatography) in severe UC patients as compared to controls.…”

Section: Gut Flora and Inflammatory Bowel Diseasesupporting

confidence: 91%

Gut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in North India

et al. 2016

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The disease profile in the Indian population provides a unique opportunity for studying the host microbiome interaction in both infectious (amebiasis) and autoimmune diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from a similar environment and genetic background. Analysis of fecal samples from untreated amebic liver abscess (ALA) patients, Entamoeba histolytica (Eh)-negative and -positive asymptomatic individuals, and pus samples from naive ALA patients revealed a significant reduction in Lactobacillus in asymptomatic individuals (Eh ?ve) and ALA patients. Two anaerobic genera, namely Bacteroides and Peptostreptococcus, were detected in naive ALA pus samples. Analysis of fecal samples from amoebic colitis patients showed a significant decline in population of Bacteroides, Clostridium coccoides and leptum subgroup, Lactobacillus, Campylobacter, and Eubacterium, whereas a significant increase in Bifidobacterium was observed. Mucosa-associated bacterial flora analysis from IBD patients and healthy controls revealed a significant difference in concentration of bacteria among predominating and subdominating genera between ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD) patients, and controls. In contrast to the mucosal studies, we found a significant increase in lactobacilli population in fecal samples of active UC patients. Another study revealed a significant decrease of Clostridium coccoides and leptum clusters in fecal samples of active UC patients along with decreased concentrations of fecal SCFAs, especially of nbutyrate, iso-butyrate, and acetate. We therefore found similar perturbations in gut microbiome in both infectious and autoimmune diseases, indicating inflammation to be the major driver for changes in gut microbiome.

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Section: Gut Flora and Inflammatory Bowel Diseasesupporting

confidence: 91%

Gut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in North India

et al. 2016

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“…Two Clostridium clusters, IV (C. leptum) and XIVa (C. coccoides), were significantly reduced in reconventionalized NHE3 Ϫ/Ϫ mice compared with their WT littermates. Decreases in members of these two clusters of butyrate-producing clostridia have been reproducibly reported in the gut of patients with IBD (25,28), and some of the species from these cluster are considered thus probiotic candidates for the treatment of IBD. A defined mix of Clostridium strains from these two clusters has also been recently shown to promote regulatory T cell accumulation in the colonic mucosa and oral inoculation of Clostridium during the early life of conventionally reared mice, resulting in resistance to colitis and systemic immunoglobulin E responses (1).…”

Section: G674mentioning

confidence: 83%

Reduced colonic microbial diversity is associated with colitis in NHE3-deficient mice

Larmonier

Laubitz

Hill

et al. 2013

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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“…[47][48][49] The number of mucosal adherent bacteria is increased in Crohn's disease compared with healthy subjects, and diversion of the bacterial component of the faecal stream induces clinical improvement. 47) IBD have shown a decrease in faecal bifidobacterium and lactobacillus in patients with active diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactosucrose attenuates intestinal inflammation by promoting Th2 cytokine production and enhancing CD86 expression in colitic rats

Zhou

Ruan

Zhou

et al. 2015

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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Some oligosaccharides have immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory functions in the intestine. This study investigated the immunoregulatory effect of lactosucrose (LS) on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitic rats. Alkaline phosphatase activity was increased but myeloperoxidase activity was decreased in the LS-TNBS group, as compared with the TNBS group (colitis rats without receiving LS). LS supplementation stimulated IL-4 and IL-10 production, while up-regulating CD86 expression in dendritic cells. LS supplementation reduced the ratio of CD80/CD86 and the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 compared to the TNBS group. Moreover, IFN-γ was significantly correlated with CD80 (r = 0.764, p < 0.01), whereas IL-4 was significantly correlated with CD86 (r = 0.489, p < 0.05). These results indicated that LS attenuated colitis by promoting the production of Th2-type cytokines and rebalancing the ratio of Th1/Th2 and that enhanced IL-4 production is correlated with enhanced CD86 expression in the gut. Therefore, LS is a functional food for patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

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Imbalance in intestinal microflora constitution could be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease

Cited by 285 publications

References 40 publications

Gut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in North India

Gut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in North India

Reduced colonic microbial diversity is associated with colitis in NHE3-deficient mice

Lactosucrose attenuates intestinal inflammation by promoting Th2 cytokine production and enhancing CD86 expression in colitic rats

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