Imbedded Nanocrystals of CsPbBr3 in Cs4PbBr6: Kinetics, Enhanced Oscillator Strength, and Application in Light‐Emitting Diodes

Xu, Junwei; Huang, Wenxiao; Li, Peiyun; Onken, Drew R.; Dun, Chaochao; Guo, Yang; Üçer, K. B.; Lü, Chang; Wang, Hongzhi; Geyer, Scott M.; Williams, Richard; Carroll, David

doi:10.1002/adma.201703703

Cited by 192 publications

(172 citation statements)

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“…(d) Theoretical model for a Cs 4 PbBr 6 |CsPbBr 3 composite material, with various embedded cubic CsPbBr 3 NCs in a rhombic Cs 4 PbBr 6 prism matrix, adapted from ref (62). (e) TEM image and electron diffractogram of a Cs 4 PbBr 6 |CsPbBr 3 composite, indicating the existence of small CsPbBr 3 NCs in the Cs 4 PbBr 6 host, adapted from ref (30). …”

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confidence: 99%

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Zero-Dimensional Cesium Lead Halides: History, Properties, and Challenges

Akkerman

Abdelhady

Manna

2018

J. Phys. Chem. Lett.

236

247

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Over the past decade, lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have emerged as new promising materials in the fields of photovoltaics and light emission due to their facile syntheses and exciting optical properties. The enthusiasm generated by LHPs has inspired research in perovskite-related materials, including the so-called “zero-dimensional cesium lead halides”, which will be the focus of this Perspective. The structure of these materials is formed of disconnected lead halide octahedra that are stabilized by cesium ions. Their optical properties are dominated by optical transitions that are localized within the individual octahedra, hence the title “‘zero-dimensional perovskites”. Controversial results on their physical properties have recently been reported, and the true nature of their photoluminescence is still unclear. In this Perspective, we will take a close look at these materials, both as nanocrystals and as bulk crystals/thin films, discuss the contrasting opinions on their properties, propose potential applications, and provide an outlook on future experiments.

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confidence: 99%

“…38 Moreover, several groups have used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to identify the presence of green luminescent CsPbBr 3 NCs in Cs 4 PbBr 6 microcrystals, as well as in Cs 4 PbBr 6 NC solutions (Figure 2e). 30,31,34,62 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zero-Dimensional Cesium Lead Halides: History, Properties, and Challenges

Akkerman

Abdelhady

Manna

2018

J. Phys. Chem. Lett.

236

247

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“…[117] Compared to the polycrystalline CsPbBr 3 film based PeLED, the highest luminance and CE of the device employing Cs 4 PbBr 6 with CsPbBr 3 nanoinclusions were improved from 20 to 850 cd m −2 and 3.33 × 10 −3 to 0.30 cd A −1 , respectively. However, these device parameters are still relatively lower than the PeLEDs based on other approaches of in situ fabricated PNCs.…”

Section: Electroluminescencementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Reproduced with permission. [17,51,53,59,67,78,88] Copyright 2014-2017, American Chemical Society; [57] Copyright 2015, American Association for the Advancement of Science; [58] Copyright 2012, The Chemical Society of Japan; [63,65] Copyright 2016, Springer Nature; [62,[70][71][72]117,121] Copyright 2015-2018, Wiley-VCH. mesostructured films through sol-gel treatment of TiO 2 and SiO 2 precursors within organic templating agents.…”

Section: Hard Template Assisted In Situ Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Cs 4 PbBr 6 single crystallites with micro or macro sizes gained increasing attention due to abnormal strong visi ble light emission properties at room temperature, [75,111,112] however, the nanosized NCs of this kind of material are nonluminescent. [113][114][115] The emissive Cs 4 PbBr 6 can be achieved through antisolvent vapor-assisted crystallization, [74] precursor injection at room [116] or elevated temperature, [115] spin-coating with nonstoichiometric precursors [116,117] or inhomogeneous interface reaction (IIR). [118] In the A 4 BX 6 structured perovskite, the [BX 6 ] 4− octahedra are completely separated by A cations without any sharing corners.…”

Section: In Situ Fabricated Pncs Embedded In Crystalline Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Situ Fabricated Perovskite Nanocrystals: A Revolution in Optical Materials

Chang

Bai

Zhong

2018

Advanced Optical Materials

192

127

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in bulk halide perovskites, long carrier diffusion length, and an absorption range covering the visible solar spectrum, collectively enable the high performance of photo electricity conversion. Compared to the bulk materials, perovskite nanocrystals or quantum dots (usually denoted as PNCs or PQDs) show obvious excitonic features with enhanced photoluminescence (PL) properties due to the well-known size-dependent quantum confinement effects. [14][15][16][17] The combination of color saturated emissions, super high quantum yield (QY), as well as easy processing inspired the intensive exploration of PNCs as light emitters, which is now under spotlights in the field of optical materials.The first perspective aim of PNCs is to alternate the state-of-the-art CdSe or InP quantum dots (QDs) as new generation luminescence materials. [18,19] As shown in Figure 1, these QD materials have been well demonstrated to be potential functional components for photonic and optoelectronic applications, and are currently on the way to industrialization. [20][21][22][23] Specifically, QDs can be employed as fluorescence labels, [24] laser gain media, [25] LED phosphors, [26] and down-shifting films for LCD backlights. [27,28] They can also be processed into thin film for optoelectronic devices including solar cells, [29] photodetectors, [30,31] transistors [32] and LEDs. [33] The PNCs outcompete these conventional QDs in terms of narrower full width at half maximum (FWHM) and low fabrication cost, but most importantly, the ease of in situ preparation. [34,35] Herein, this progress report highlight the developments of in situ fabricated PNCs.Colloidal semiconductor QDs are typically synthesized ex situ in flasks by hot injection method, stabilized by surface ligands. [36][37][38][39] To incorporate such solution based materials into applications usually requires purification, redispersion and surface engineering. For instance, ligand exchange is often employed to disperse QDs into aimed solvent, inducing defects that inevitably derogating the PLQYs. [40] Moreover, the organic ligands themselves also suffer from the risk of disabsorbing, reducing the stability of the QDs and thus the final devices. [41] Because halide perovskite are ionic compounds that can be well dissolved into polar solvents, PNCs can be fabricated through either ex situ routes in flask or in situ strategies on substrates. The in situ fabricated PNCs are adaptable to devices integration due to their scalable and low-cost manufacturing. In this regard, more and more efforts have been made in terms of the controlling synthesis, physical properties and device applications of PNC materials.After over 30 years of development, colloidal quantum dots have now become mature luminescent materials in photonic and optoelectronic operations and start to hit the market. The emerging perovskite nanocrystals are expected to promote large-scale commercialization due to their superior optical properties as well as low cost and easy fabrication. This progress report is focused on the...

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Perovskites – Revisiting the Venerable ABX ₃ Family with Organic Flexibility and New Applications

Carroll

Biswas

et al. 2019

Optical Properties of Materials and Their Applications

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Imbedded Nanocrystals of CsPbBr₃ in Cs₄PbBr₆: Kinetics, Enhanced Oscillator Strength, and Application in Light‐Emitting Diodes

Cited by 192 publications

References 32 publications

Zero-Dimensional Cesium Lead Halides: History, Properties, and Challenges

Zero-Dimensional Cesium Lead Halides: History, Properties, and Challenges

In Situ Fabricated Perovskite Nanocrystals: A Revolution in Optical Materials

Perovskites – Revisiting the Venerable ABX ₃ Family with Organic Flexibility and New Applications

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Imbedded Nanocrystals of CsPbBr3 in Cs4PbBr6: Kinetics, Enhanced Oscillator Strength, and Application in Light‐Emitting Diodes

Cited by 192 publications

References 32 publications

Zero-Dimensional Cesium Lead Halides: History, Properties, and Challenges

Zero-Dimensional Cesium Lead Halides: History, Properties, and Challenges

In Situ Fabricated Perovskite Nanocrystals: A Revolution in Optical Materials

Perovskites – Revisiting the Venerable ABX 3 Family with Organic Flexibility and New Applications

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Product

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Imbedded Nanocrystals of CsPbBr₃ in Cs₄PbBr₆: Kinetics, Enhanced Oscillator Strength, and Application in Light‐Emitting Diodes

Perovskites – Revisiting the Venerable ABX ₃ Family with Organic Flexibility and New Applications