Immediate outcomes of Acute Coronary Syndrome: A hospital-based prospective observational study in a tertiary care institute in West Bengal, India

Abstract

Introduction: Death due to Cardiovascular morbidities is one of the biggest health burden in India as well as worldwide. It is important to know the factors that may influence the outcome of the patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS). Methods: A total of 112 patients with diagnosed ACS admitted at the Department of Cardiology in a tertiary care institute in West Bengal, India were monitored from the time of admission to the discharge or outcome. They were measured for several anthropometric parameters like height, weight, body fat percentage, BMI, waist circumference etc. and various other biochemical and cardiovascular tests were done, and they were noted for the outcome in terms of recovery following discharge or death, for a maximum of 10 days post-ACS. The data were analyzed by SPSS 20 and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was done. Results: Most common ACS was found to be left anterior descending artery ST segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) (68.7%). Mortality observed during the 10-day observation period was 16.1%. Mortality rate did not vary significantly with the type of ACS (p = .899). Survival Analysis showed that there were significantly more chances of survival in the patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in comparison with the patients who received only thrombolysis in the beginning of the time (p = .019) and at the end of the observation period (p = .037). The survival curves for patients based on BMI, waist circumference and body fat percentage did not vary significantly (p >.05). Conclusion:It could be concluded from the present study that survival after ACS significantly associated with PCI and not with obesity or overweight.