Immigrant Entrepreneurship and Economic Adaptation: A Critical Analysis

Brzozowski, Jan

doi:10.15678/eber.2017.050209

Cited by 46 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Or the establishment of either new supply chains in the host country (with respect to food, services and leisure activities, cf. Ambrosini, 2013;Brzozowski, 2017b) or new supply chains within an ethnic enclave (Brzozowski, 2017a). As such, we believe self-employment affects economic integration and vice versa.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…This latter manifestation of entrepreneurial activity of immigrants is of particular importance for the major destination countries, as in such cases foreigners do not only create jobs for themselves but also for their family members and members of the co-ethnic community. Therefore, both many scholars and also experts and policy-makers, perceive the self-employment of immigrants as a path to successful economic integration (Brzozowski, 2017b). As a result, many public bodies at a local, regional and national level have adopted policies that encourage immigrant entrepreneurship (Rath & Swagerman, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of self-employment on the economic integration of immigrants: Evidence from Germany

Brzozowski¹,

Lasek²

2019

JEMI

Self Cite

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Traditi onal approaches in migrati on studies suggest that self-employment and entrepreneurial acti viti es enhance the perspecti ves of economic advancement of immigrants in host countries. Therefore, in many popular desti nati ons in Western Europe and Northern America, policies encouraging the self-employment of immigrants have been proposed. But does the self-employment contribute to the economic integrati on of immigrants? Is it a universal, one-way avenue that guarantees the successful inserti on of foreigners in a new socio-economic environment? Based on the German Socio-Economic Panel dataset, this study empirically investi gates the eff ect of self-employment on the economic integrati on of immigrants in one of the most important host countries in Europe. Our results demonstrate that the current self-employment status in Germany is associated with higher income in absolute and relati ve (self-assessment) terms. The immigrants with previous self-employment experience in Germany are less integrated than the average. This result indirectly shows that the business economy of immigrants is associated with a high risk of failure and not all self-employed individuals succeed in advancing in economic terms in a host country. Consequently, we argue that host countries should be more cauti ous in promoti ng entrepreneurship as the "perfect" and "universal" strategy that improves economic integrati on.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of self-employment on the economic integration of immigrants: Evidence from Germany

Brzozowski¹,

Lasek²

2019

JEMI

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The fourth research area presents a macroeconomic perspective and emphasizes that it is important to include the socio-economic context of the decision to employ an immigrant while analysing the employer's role in this process (MacKenzie and Forde, 2009). It should be stressed that from macroeconomic perspective, immigration should be perceived as a positive process, as it fosters entrepreneurship (Brzozowski, 2017;Zbierowski, Brzozowska and Gojny-Zbierowska, 2019;Glinka and Jelonek, 2021); and thus innovation in economic and regional perspectives (Malik et al, 2020), but also innovation as a capability (Hawrysz, 2017b;Kowal et al, 2017;Klimas and Czakon, 2018) or from the perspective of individual organisations Drewniak and Karaszewski, 2020).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience in Employing Immigrants and the Perception of Benefits of a Diverse Workforce

Kubiciel‐Lodzińska¹,

Maj²

2020

ERSJ

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“…Studies have suggested the crucial role of pre-existing networks for immigrants in their entrepreneurial endeavours, and their economic adaptation process (Brzozowski, 2017;Kalnins and Chung, 2006). Nevertheless, while conventional social enterprises based in home locations may have already established networks, relationships, trusts, and presence in social media, this may not be the case in the context of displacement where the social entrepreneurs may need to develop new networks, relationships, trustworthiness, and other resources (Bizri, 2017; Cheung and Kwong, 2017) as they have usually left behind the previously developed and accumulated resources in the home locations (Assaf and El-Fil, 2000).…”

Section: Opportunities and Challenges In Deploying Social Bricolage Amentioning

confidence: 99%

The co-creation of social ventures through bricolage, for the displaced, by the displaced

Cheung

Kwong

Manzoor

et al. 2019

IJEBR

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Purpose Although scholars have investigated how social entrepreneurs create and develop social enterprises in the penurious stable environment, how they are created in the penurious unstable environment has yet been overlooked. The purpose of this paper is to address this research gap by exploring how internally displaced individuals, despite the lack of resources, create and develop a social enterprise to serve the other displaced population in the war and conflict zones. Design/methodology/approach Underpinned by a biographical research design, in-depth interviews with internally displaced individuals who have created social enterprises in the war and conflict zones were undertaken. Three social entrepreneurs were chosen for this study from three different social enterprises that are created by internally displaced individuals to serve the other internally displaced people of three different countries, namely, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Syria. Findings The single and cross-case analysis found that internally displaced individuals deploy bricolage strategy, for example, reconfiguration of pre-existing resources and competencies (both internal and external), to start up a social venture in the war and conflict zones. They utilise pre-existing internal resources, mainly human capital, and external resources, through a frugal approach towards resources acquisitions. The authors also found that the displaced social entrepreneurs utilise resources of other displaced individuals, for example, networks, volunteers, local knowledge and financial supports mainly from older arrivals, and develop their own enterprise ecosystem within the host location to co-create and co-develop social enterprise and social values for all of them. Research limitations/implications The findings show that internally displaced individuals utilise bricolage strategies to create and develop socially entrepreneurial venture to serve other internally displaced individuals in the war and conflict zones. As the findings are based on three case studies, for confirmatory approach, a quantitative study with a large sample size is necessary. Furthermore, as the differences in economic, cultural and linguistic in between the home and host locations can have impact on the creation and the development of a social venture, they should be considered in the future studies. Originality/value This study contributes to the limited literature and studies on social entrepreneurship, specifically, to the context of unstable penurious environment. It also contributes to the literature on bricolage by extending its application from penurious stable environment to the penurious unstable environment. By exploring what and how internal and external resources are utilised to create and develop a socially entrepreneurial venture in a war and conflict zones, this study has added value to the literature on not only bricolage but also entrepreneurship in war and conflict zones.

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Immigrant Entrepreneurship and Economic Adaptation: A Critical Analysis

Cited by 46 publications

References 54 publications

The impact of self-employment on the economic integration of immigrants: Evidence from Germany

The impact of self-employment on the economic integration of immigrants: Evidence from Germany

Experience in Employing Immigrants and the Perception of Benefits of a Diverse Workforce

The co-creation of social ventures through bricolage, for the displaced, by the displaced

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