Immigrants and African Americans

Waters, Mary C.; Kasinitz, Philip; Asad, Asad L.

doi:10.1146/annurev-soc-071811-145449

Cited by 91 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Still, other studies find no between-group differences for past-year diagnosis of depression (Williams et al, 2007; Woodward et al, 2013). These findings may partly reflect the fact that Afro-Caribbeans have some similar racialized experiences to African Americans in U.S. society (Jones & Erving, 2015; Marshall & Rue, 2012; Waters, Kasinitz, & Asad, 2014). For example, as illustrated in the previous quote, some Afro-Caribbean persons in the US may still feel they are treated and perceived similar to African Americans.…”

Section: Effects Of Racism On Mental Health: the Role Of Ethnic Subgrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination, internalized racism, and depression: A comparative study of African American and Afro-Caribbean adults in the US

Molina

James

2016

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

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Emerging research suggests that both perceptions of discrimination and internalized racism (i.e., endorsement of negative stereotypes of one’s racial group) are associated with poor mental health. Yet, no studies to date have examined their effects on mental health with racial/ethnic minorities in the US in a single study. The present study examined: (a) the direct effects of everyday discrimination and internalized racism on risk of DSM-IV criteria of past-year major depressive disorder (MDD); (b) the interactive effects of everyday discrimination and internalized racism on risk of past-year MDD; and (c) the indirect effect of everyday discrimination on risk of past-year MDD via internalized racism. Further, we examined whether these associations differed by ethnic group membership. We utilized nationally representative data of Afro-Caribbean (N = 1,418) and African American (N = 3,570) adults from the National Survey of American Life. Results revealed that experiencing discrimination was associated with increased odds of past-year MDD among the total sample. Moreover, for Afro-Caribbeans, but not African Americans, internalized racism was associated with decreased odds of meeting criteria for past-year MDD. We did not find an interaction effect for everyday discrimination by internalized racism, nor an indirect effect of discrimination on risk of past-year MDD through internalized racism. Collectively, our findings suggest a need to investigate other potential mechanisms by which discrimination impacts mental health, and examine further the underlying factors of internalized racism as a potential self-protective strategy. Lastly, our findings point to the need for research that draws attention to the heterogeneity within the U.S. Black population.

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Section: Effects Of Racism On Mental Health: the Role Of Ethnic Subgrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination, internalized racism, and depression: A comparative study of African American and Afro-Caribbean adults in the US

Molina

James

2016

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

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“…The socially isolated black poor in particular continue to face discrimination in myriad social contexts such as the criminal justice system, schools, neighborhoods, and labor markets (Reskin, 2012; Wilson, 1978). And compared to successive waves of racialized immigrant groups, African Americans remain at the bottom of the symbolic racial order (Waters, Kasinitz, and Asad, 2014). …”

Section: Three Cases Of Destigmatizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Destigmatization and health: Cultural constructions and the long-term reduction of stigma

Clair

Daniel

Lamont

2016

Social Science & Medicine

136

116

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Research on the societal-level causes and consequences of stigma has rarely considered the social conditions that account for destigmatization, the process by which a group’s worth and status improve. Destigmatization has important implications for the health of stigmatized groups. Building on a robust line of stigma reduction literature in psychology, we develop a sociological framework for understanding how new cultural constructions that draw equivalences and remove blame shape public and structural stigma over time. We examine historical transformations of cultural constructions surrounding three stigmatized groups in the United States: people living with HIV/AIDS, African Americans, and people labeled as obese. By tracing this process across cases, we find that the conditions that account for destigmatization include the credibility of new constructions, the status and visibility of actors carrying these constructions, the conclusiveness of expert knowledge about stigmatized groups, the interaction between new constructions and existing cultural ideologies, and the perceived linked fate of the stigmatized and dominant groups. We also find that the reduction of structural and public forms of stigma often depend on distinct processes and constructions. To conclude, we propose a framework for the comparative study of destigmatization as an essential component of promoting a culture of health.

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“…Particularly for new immigrant communities like Caribbean communities, black Americans have often viewed immigrant gains unfavorably [60,61]. These gains are seen as taking advantage of civil rights policies that black immigrants did not struggle to gain [62]. Thus, the exclusionary treatment of black West Indians to native-born black Americans could also result in an "othering."…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood Racial Composition, Institutional Socialization, and Intraracial Feelings of Closeness among Black Americans

Jones

Andrews

Policastro

2015

Urban Studies Research

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Relying on nationally representative data from the most recent wave of the National Survey of Black Americans (NSBA), the current study examines how past and present neighborhood racial composition is associated with feelings of closeness toward black Americans, black Africans, and black West Indians. In addition, this research tests whether race-based socialization messages received from caregivers or religious socialization messages explain this relationship among a sample from the adult black US population. The findings show that past neighborhood composition is associated with present feelings of closeness toward black Americans and black West Indians but are not associated with close feelings toward black Africans. Current neighborhood racial composition is not associated with feelings of closeness toward any of the groups. Racial socialization messages are associated with closeness towards them all but are found to be largely a function of having a two-parent family during childhood. Religious socialization is also associated with intraracial feelings of closeness. Results suggest that neighborhood racial composition is important to help facilitate positive feelings toward others who share the same race but a different ethnicity.

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Immigrants and African Americans

Cited by 91 publications

References 91 publications

Discrimination, internalized racism, and depression: A comparative study of African American and Afro-Caribbean adults in the US

Discrimination, internalized racism, and depression: A comparative study of African American and Afro-Caribbean adults in the US

Destigmatization and health: Cultural constructions and the long-term reduction of stigma

Neighborhood Racial Composition, Institutional Socialization, and Intraracial Feelings of Closeness among Black Americans

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