Immigration Policies and the Global Competition for Talent

Černá, Lucie

doi:10.1057/978-1-137-57156-4

Cited by 40 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, this table does not even include immigration policy indices—a comparative latecomer to the index literature. Some of these include Timothy Hatton’s Asylum Policy Index (Hatton & Moloney, , Hatton, ), Martin Ruhs’s Openness and Migration Rights Indicators (); Helbling, Bjerre, Römer, and Zobel’s () Immigration Policies in Comparison (IMPIC); the International Migration Policy and Law Analysis (IMPALA) database (Beine et al, ); Cerna’s () index of states’ openness to high‐skilled immigrants (HSI); and the Determinants of International Migration (DEMIG) policy database, which tracks policy change across 45 countries between 1945 and 2013 (De Haas, Natter, & Vezzoli ).…”

Section: European Migrant‐related Policy Indexing: Highlighting Methomentioning

confidence: 99%

Indexing Immigration and Integration Policy: Lessons from Europe

Goodman¹

2018

Policy Studies Journal

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Immigrant‐related policy indexes have become popular in both U.S. and European contexts, yet these projects boast distinct and divergent trajectories. European indices are characterized by rigorous conceptualization, specificity in elements of policy design (e.g., settings like fees or appeal process), and a variety of measurement strategies. By contrast, U.S. state‐level policy indices exhibit a lack of differentiation between immigration and integration policy and excessive generality in measurement and representation of policy instruments and settings, exacerbated in presenting a policy index as an aggregate count. This paper argues U.S. policy indexing can benefit from the European indexing experience. Following an overview of the state of each field, assessing concept differentiation, specification, and measurement in each, the paper illustrates how even the well‐conceived and specified European integration policy indices run into problems at the analysis stage. It presents a replication‐replacement study to illustrate divergent performance of highly correlated and conceptually agreeing indices, as well as methodological issues inherent to indices of low‐N, including using a policy index as a dependent variable and index selection absent a priori theorization. It concludes with suggestions for improving American immigration policy indices, as well as general observations on working with statistical power‐challenged indices and data limitations.

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Section: European Migrant‐related Policy Indexing: Highlighting Methomentioning

confidence: 99%

Indexing Immigration and Integration Policy: Lessons from Europe

Goodman¹

2018

Policy Studies Journal

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“…Defining talent in migration beyond binary categories also has consequences for the measurement and building of composite indicators, which other contributions of this special issue aim to highlight. In a related work, Koser and Salt (, p. 287) argue that the difference between the highly skilled and “talent” may actually be far more difficult to distinguish simply based on occupational identifiers as it has been suggested in migration studies (see, for example, Cerna, ; Kapur & McHale, ); this is because “many graduates are not employed in jobs requiring high‐level expertise” (Yeoh & Lai, , p. 235). While more targeted, Shachar and Hirschl’s () study on “super talents” similarly reflects an academic interest in delineating “talent” from others.…”

Section: Findings: Defining “Talent” In the Migration And Management mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For policymakers, this awareness has led to measures that seek to foster or require interagency consultation and input before a proposal or policy can be advanced to the next stage. For scholars of policy processes, appreciating this feature of contemporary policies has led to addressing methodological issues concerning developing indicators to measure, for instance, different types of immigration policy (Bjerre, Helbling, Römer, & Zobel, 2015;Boucher & Cerna, 2014;Cerna, 2016;Helbling, 2013;Helbling, Bjerre, Römer, & Zobel, 2017;Ruhs, 2013)-the very thematic focus of this special issue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining “Talent”: Insights from Management and Migration Literatures for Policy Design

Černá¹,

Chou²

2018

Policy Studies Journal

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Taking the case of defining “talent,” a term that has been widely used but its definitions differ by discipline, organization, policy sector, as well as over time, we demonstrate how the basic definition of a policy subject may affect policy design and the assessment of policy outcomes. We review how “talent” is defined in two sets of literature, talent management and migration studies, and find that definitions fall under one of two categories: binary (“talent” as qualities) or composite (“talent” as a relational concept). The implications of our findings are epistemological and ontological; the findings point to diverse epistemological effects of definitions through developments of indicators, as expected, and they also reveal the policy designers’ ontological starting points. Ontological perspectives are significant because they ultimately determine whether the policy assessments carried out differ in degrees or in kind. In the case of defining “talent,” this means determining which objectives the designers would set (e.g., recruiting vs. cultivating vs. introducing competition), the policy instrumentation for achieving the goals (migration measures vs. education vs. lifelong learning vs. human resource policy), and the type of assessment for measuring policy outcomes (single vs. multiple indicators, qualitative vs. quantitative).

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“…As a result, researchers have sought to understand whether highly skilled migrants can contribute to their home communities from a distance, moving beyond the assumption that such “brains” are lost when they leave national territories (Fahey and Kenway, ; Mahroum, Eldridge, and Daar, ; Meyer, ; Saxenian, ). Such discourse has also permeated policy discussions, among not only developing countries but also wealthy nations competing in a so‐called knowledge‐based economy (Cerna, ). In particular, policymakers emphasize the need for international collaboration between migrants and counterparts within their countries of origin, whether it be in the form of academic research, business ventures, or the commercial development of innovative products (Edler, Fier and Grimpe, ).…”

Section: Brain Circulation and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Academic “Centres,” Epistemic Differences and Brain Circulation

Ortiga

Chou

Sondhi

et al. 2017

International Migration

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This article investigates the factors that shape how migrant academics engage with fellow scholars within their countries of origin. We focus specifically on the mobility of Asian‐born faculty between Singapore, a fast‐developing education hub in Southeast Asia, and their “home” countries within the region. Based on qualitative interviews with 45 migrant academics, this article argues that while education hubs like Singapore increase the possibility of brain circulation within Asia, epistemic differences between migrant academics and home country counterparts make it difficult to establish long‐term collaboration for research. Singapore institutions also look to the West in determining how research work is assessed for tenure and promotion, encouraging Singapore‐based academics to focus on networking with colleagues and peers based in the US and Europe rather than those based in origin countries. Such conditions undermine the positive impact of academic mobility between Singapore and surrounding countries within the region.

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Immigration Policies and the Global Competition for Talent

Cited by 40 publications

References 0 publications

Indexing Immigration and Integration Policy: Lessons from Europe

Indexing Immigration and Integration Policy: Lessons from Europe

Defining “Talent”: Insights from Management and Migration Literatures for Policy Design

Academic “Centres,” Epistemic Differences and Brain Circulation

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