Immiscible polymer blends stabilized with nano-silica particles: Rheology and effective interfacial tension

Elias, Liju; Fenouillot, Françoise; Majesté, Jean‐Charles; Alcouffe, Pierre; Cassagnau, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2008.07.018

Cited by 227 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…[233][234][235][236][237][238][239] It is now wellknown that NPs partition to the dividing surface between immiscible liquids. It is thought that this phenomenon is inherently non-equilibrium in nature and that the NP structures that form are driven by factors such as the energy that is input into the system.…”

Section: B Nanoparticle Assemblies Driven By Solventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective: Outstanding theoretical questions in polymer-nanoparticle hybrids

Kumar

Ganesan

Riggleman

2017

The Journal of Chemical Physics

171

143

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This topical review discusses the theoretical progress made in the field of polymer nanocomposites, i.e., hybrid materials created by mixing (typically inorganic) nanoparticles (NPs) with organic polymers. It primarily focuses on the outstanding issues in this field and is structured around five separate topics: (i) the synthesis of functionalized nanoparticles; (ii) their phase behavior when mixed with a homopolymer matrix and their assembly into well-defined superstructures; (iii) the role of processing on the structures realized by these hybrid materials and the role of the mobilities of the different constituents; (iv) the role of external fields (electric, magnetic) in the active assembly of the NPs; and (v) the engineering properties that result and the factors that control them. While the most is known about topic (ii), we believe that significant progress needs to be made in the other four topics before the practical promise offered by these materials can be realized. This review delineates the most pressing issues on these topics and poses specific questions that we believe need to be addressed in the immediate future. Published by AIP Publishing. [http://dx

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Section: B Nanoparticle Assemblies Driven By Solventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective: Outstanding theoretical questions in polymer-nanoparticle hybrids

Kumar

Ganesan

Riggleman

2017

The Journal of Chemical Physics

171

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Recently, some studies have shown that the addition of nanoparticles could have a similar effect as adding compatibilizer, as in some cases, the former can result in a reduction in the dispersed phase size [10], morphology stabilization [11], as well as a decrease in interfacial tension [10,12], when the nanoparticles are located at the interface. However, if the nanoparticles are located in a single phase other possible mechanisms can be considered: Change in the viscosity of the phases, immobilization of the dispersed drops by the creation of a physical network of particles in the matrix (possible when concentration of solid above the percolation threshold) or the strong interaction of polymer chains onto the solid particles inducing steric hindrance [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compatibilization mechanism induced by organoclay in PMMA/PS blends

Genoyer

Yee

Soulestin

et al. 2017

Journal of Rheology

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In this work, the effect of adding organoclay (Cloisite 20A) to a poly(methyl metacrylate) (PMMA)/polystyrene (PS) blend was evaluated in order to understand the compatibilization mechanism taking place. The blend morphology was quantified using micrographs obtained by scanning electron microscopy and observed by transmission electron microscopy. The state of dispersion of the clay was studied using small angle X-ray scattering and wide angle X-ray scattering and by applying the Carreau-Yasuda with a yield stress model to small amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS) data. Morphological analyses revealed that the clay was intercalated, that its addition resulted in a decrease in the size of the dispersed phase and that it was preferentially located at the interface, except in the case of saturated interfaces, in which case the remaining clay was dispersed in PMMA. By applying the simplified Palierne model to SAOS experiments, the interfacial tension between the polymers forming the blend was inferred and shown to decrease upon addition of clay. The relaxation spectra inferred from the SAOS data, using the Honerkamp and Weese method, revealed four relaxation times: Relaxation of PMMA and PS chains, relaxation of the droplet shape, as well as an additional relaxation phenomenon attributed to the Marangoni stress. Although Marangoni stresses have already been studied in the case of blends compatibilized by block copolymers, this is the first time that it has been evidenced in the case of a clay as compatibilizer. V C 2017 The Society of Rheology. [http://dx

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“…It has been found that the addition of solid nanoparticles with at least one dimension in the nanometer scale can affect the compatibility of components and improve the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of the blends [2][3][4][5]. The improved miscibility of polymer mixtures in the presence of nanofillers has been reported by different groups with reduced dispersed phase domains, narrower droplet size distribution in matrix-dispersed morphology, enhanced ductility and mechanical properties, lower interfacial tension between two phases and more morphological stability in the subsequent melt blending processes [5][6][7][8][9][10]. As shown theoretically by Nesterov and Lipatov [11][12], the compatibilization effect of solid filler (F) on an immiscible polymer pair (A and B) can be described by the mixing free energy of system (!G mix ) which consists of the absorption free energy of each polymer on the solid surface of F (!G AF and !G BF ) and the interaction …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase behavior of UCST blends: Effects of pristine nanoclay as an effective or ineffective compatibilizer

Hemmati¹,

Garmabi²,

Modarress³

2013

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. The effects of unmodified nanoclay (natural montmorillonite) on the miscibility, phase behavior and phase separation kinetics of polyethylene (PE)/ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) blends have been investigated. Depending on the blend composition, it was observed that the intercalated pristine nanoclay influences the biphasic morphology either as an effective compatibilizer or just as an ineffectual modifier. In spite of the presence of micrometer-sized agglomerated tactoids, natural nanoclay can play a thermodynamic role in reducing the interfacial tension of polymer components. The addition of clay nanoparticles was found to change the phase diagram slightly and diminishes the composition dependency of the binodal temperatures. Moreover, it was observed that a small amount of unmodified layered silicate slows down the phase separation process considerably and enhances the solubility of each polymer in the domains of its counterpart. The findings of this study verify that even poorly dispersed nanoclay with high surface tension can act as a conventional compatibilizer and change the immiscible PE/EVA blends to the partially miscible ones.

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Immiscible polymer blends stabilized with nano-silica particles: Rheology and effective interfacial tension

Cited by 227 publications

References 32 publications

Perspective: Outstanding theoretical questions in polymer-nanoparticle hybrids

Perspective: Outstanding theoretical questions in polymer-nanoparticle hybrids

Compatibilization mechanism induced by organoclay in PMMA/PS blends

Phase behavior of UCST blends: Effects of pristine nanoclay as an effective or ineffective compatibilizer

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