Immobilization of Anammox biomass in sodium alginate

Abstract

Abstract. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a process of ammonium and nitrite conversion into nitrogen gas. Nowadays, anammox is applied into many wastewater treatment plants worldwide. However, anammox bacteria are characterized by a slow growth rate, which may cause problems in maintaining the biomass in the system. The promising technique which can help to maintain the biomass in the reactor and effectively prevent loss of anammox bacteria from a system is immobilization. Selection and optimization of the appropriate immobilization technique for investigated biomass is crucial for conducting an effective process. One of the ways for bacteria immobilization is gel entrapment. The main goal of the study was to test sodium alginate as an immobilization medium for anammox biomass. In the present study procedure of immobilization in sodium alginate was optimised, then the mechanical and chemical properties of the obtained pellets were investigated. Series of batch experiments revealed that immobilized anammox biomass was able to remove ammonia and nitrite nitrogen effectively. The calculated specific anammox activity (SAA) for immobilized anammox biomass was 0.18 g N·gVSS -1 ·d -1 , while for nonimmobilized biomass was 0.36 g N·gVSS -1 ·d -1 .

Polysaccharides as Support for Microbial Biomass-Based Adsorbents with Applications in Removal of Heavy Metals and Dyes

“…Substances or materials used for immobilization must meet a number of specific conditions [29][30][31] Choosing a support according to the desired application is an important task, which is why it must be considered significant the following conditions: toxicity, immobilization efficiency, stability, and microscopic properties of the particle surface, but also flexibility in overall shape, high diffusivity, simple immobilization procedure, and high biomass retention. Due to the impossibility of finding a single material that meets all these conditions, in practice, combinations of various polymers, or modifiers of support polymers properties are most often used [31][32][33].…”

“…Substances or materials used for immobilization must meet a number of specific conditions [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]: To have adequate rheological properties (flow easily even at high concentrations). To have the ability to disperse biomass.…”

Archives of Environmental Protection

“…In this study, three methods were used to support the biological nitrogen removal: biomass with reduced graphene oxide (RGO) addition (20 mg/gVSS), biomass immobilized in 4% sodium alginate (SA), biomass immobilized in SA with RGO addition. Immobilization procedure were described elsewhere (Banach et al 2018). During the experiment, the reactors were operated at a pH level of 7.5 ± 0.4 and the pH was corrected using 10% NaOH and 10% HCl.…”

Effect of temperature shifts and anammox biomass immobilization on sequencing batch reactor performance and bacterial genes abundance

“…The stirring mixture was dropped by peristaltic pump to the cross-linking solution contained 50% w/v NaNO 3 and 2% w/v CaCl 2 . The beads were immersed in cross-linking solution for 0.5 h, then immediately rinsed several times with large amounts of distilled water to stop the immobilization and to remove extra alginate or PVA from the bead surface (Banach et al 2018).…”