Immobilization of Antioxidant Enzyme Catalase on Porous Hybrid Microparticles of Vaterite with Mucin

Abstract

Catalase belongs to the class of oxidoreductases; it catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide formed during biological oxidation, and also oxidizes low molecular weight alcohols and nitrites in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. This high molecular weight chromoprotein (Mw 250, pI 5.4) consists of four identical subunits that do not have catalytic activity and has oxidized heme as a prosthetic group. The optimum catalytic activity of the catalase occurs at pH 6.8-7.0. The enzyme is used in the textile and food industries, [1] in wastewater treatment, [2] in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, [3] as well as in analytical biotechnology to determine the amount of hydrogen peroxide. [3b] Determination of the enzyme activity in human erythrocytes is used in medicine for the diagnostics of blood diseases.The industrial application of the catalase is significantly hampered by a lack of longterm operational stability and technical difficulties with the reuse of the enzyme. [3b] In this respect, the immobilization of the catalase on insoluble carriers represents an important practical task, since it allows overcoming the drawbacks of low enzymatic stability under unfavorable environmental conditions, during storage and upon repeated use. [3b] Nevertheless, it is important to recognize the limitations of immobilized enzymes, such as typically lower enzyme activity and reaction rates compared to the native enzyme and additional

Dextran and Its Derivatives: Biopolymer Additives for the Modulation of Vaterite CaCO3 Crystal Morphology and Adhesion to Cells

“…In this case, the addition of DEX significantly affected the pH values during the crystallization process, which resulted in the inhibition of vaterite nucleation and the predominant formation of the calcite. [60] Of note, typically, the co-precipitation of both small drugs and macromolecules does not affect the crystallinity of the CaCO 3 crystals, [14,61,62] even with loading capacities of up to 588 mg g −1 mucin. [13] This is evidenced by the typical vaterite morphologies observed via microscopy and typical FTIR wavenumbers we obtain for such DEX/vaterite hybrids.…”

Porous Polymer Particles with Tunable Surface Roughness by Combining Phase Separation and Interfacial Instability

“…Polymer microspheres have been widely used in many fields, including medicine, 1,2 chemical industry, 3 enzyme carriers, 4 physical adsorption, and cosmetics. 5 In particular, porous particles or capsules have attracted increasing attention.…”

“…Polymer microspheres have been widely used in many fields, including medicine, , chemical industry, enzyme carriers, physical adsorption, and cosmetics . In particular, porous particles or capsules have attracted increasing attention. , Numerous studies have been executed to regulate the size, shape, and density of pores. − However, engineering the surface morphology of porous particles has rarely been reported .…”

“…The surface morphology of particles plays a key role in determining their performance. Compared to smooth particles, rough particles have a greater specific surface area, and the surface micro-/nanostructures make the particles more useful in the applications of enzyme carriers, physical adsorption, and cosmetics . Several physical and chemical techniques have been developed for processing the surface structure of solid polymer particles; − however, studies on applying these techniques to control the surface morphology of porous polymer particles are rare.…”

Hybrid Core–Shell Microparticles Based on Vaterite Polymorphs Assembled via Freezing-Induced Loading

“…Hybrid systems of calcium carbonate–iron oxide micro- and submicroparticles, where calcium carbonate is presented in the form of a mesoporous polymorphic modification of vaterite, combine the capabilities of high-capacity containers for encapsulation of diagnostic and therapeutic substances of various molecular weights sensitive to a magnetic field. − Owing to a low toxicity, ability to control the size, shape, and structure of the particles during synthesis, − and sensitivity to pH and biodegradability under physiological conditions, , calcium carbonate is highly demanded in a range of biomedical applications, which is especially noticeable from the latest works of 2022. ,,− …”