Immobilization of Borate Waste Simulate in Cement-Water Extended Polyester Composite Based on Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Waste: 2-Frost Resistance of the Polymer Modified Cement Composite

Characterizations of Polyester-Cement Composites Used for the Immobilization of Radioactive Wastes

“…The curve shows also the bending in trans -CH=CH-groups, which appears at 980 cm -1 . On the other hand, bands at 880 cm -1 , 750 cm -1 , and 650 cm -1 may be attributed to cis olefinic and aromatic residues (Eskander et al, 2006). It could be clearly stated that there were non-significant differences between the WEP based on the recycled PET and that prepared from its virgin raw ingredients.…”

“…Consequently, a co-matrix phase is formed with a network structure of interpenetrating polymer and cement hydration phase. As a result of this intrinsic structure, the mechanical strength and other properties of the modified polymer-cement matrix is improved (Eskander et al, 2006). Table 5 represents the results of volume of open pores (cm 3 ), apparent porosity (%), and water absorption (%) for PC (w/c ratio = 40%) as well as PCC that are nominated for processing the borate waste (WEP/PC ratio = 3% and w/c ratio = 40%) and subjected to freezing/thawing treatment up to 115 cycles.…”

“…The adequacy of resistance of PCC, based on recycled poly (ethylene terephthalate) from postconsumed soft drink bottles as a candidate matrix for solidification of radioactive borate liquid wastes to frost attack can be determined by a freezing/thawing test. The repeated cycles of freezing and thawing have a cumulative effect rather than the single occurrence frost that causes damage (Eskander et al, 2006).…”

“…Boric acid reacts with calcium hydroxide during cementation as follow: To evaluate the suitability of PCC to solidify and stabilize (S/S) radioactive borate waste resulting from pressurized water reactors (PWRs) under the aggressive frost conditions, experimental studies have been undertaken on a laboratory scale, aiming at the determination of the influence of freezing and thawing cycle (FTC) on the mechanical strength, structural deformation, and porosity of the candidate PCC after 115 cycles (Eskander et al, 2006).…”

“…Boric acid waste is mostly neutralized by using sodium hydroxide and then concentrated by evaporation. The resulted borate slurry should be immobilized usually in cement, polymer, bitumen or polymer-cement composites (Eskander et al, 2006;Greenhalgh, 1986;Huang & Yang, 1999). Direct solidification of borate waste with Portland cement is complicated through the retarding effect of both acidity of the waste (H3BO3) and specification of the borate ions (B4O7 -2 and BO3 -3 ) (Tawfik et al, 2005).…”