Immobilization of Heparin: Approaches and Applications

Murugesan, San; Xie, Jin; Linhardt, Robert J.

doi:10.2174/156802608783378891

Cited by 184 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Thus, heparin immobilization on the surface of synthetic matrices is a common approach to improve vascular graft functions [25]. In our study, we found cellular infiltration was significantly greater for heparin-modified and VEGF-modified electrospun grafts, compared to untreated grafts (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Engineering the mechanical and biological properties of nanofibrous vascular grafts for in situ vascular tissue engineering

Henry

Wang

et al. 2017

Biofabrication

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Synthetic small diameter vascular grafts have a high failure rate, and endothelialization is critical for preventing thrombosis and graft occlusion. A promising approach is in situ tissue engineering, whereby an acellular scaffold is implanted and provides stimulatory cues to guide the in situ remodeling into a functional blood vessel. An ideal scaffold should have sufficient binding sites for biomolecule immobilization and a mechanical property similar to native tissue. Here we developed a novel method to blend low molecular weight (LMW) elastic polymer during electrospinning process to increase conjugation sites and to improve the mechanical property of vascular grafts. LMW polymer significantly increased the amount of heparin conjugated to the micro/nanofibrous scaffolds, which in turn increased the loading capacity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and prolonged the release of VEGF. Vascular grafts were implanted into the carotid artery of rats to evaluate the in vivo performance. VEGF treatment significantly enhanced endothelium formation and the overall patency of vascular grafts. Heparin coating also increased cell infiltration into the electrospun grafts, thus increasing the production of collagen and elastin within the graft wall. This work demonstrates that LMW elastic polymer blending is an approach to engineer the mechanical and biological property of micro/nanofibrous vascular grafts for in-situ vascular tissue engineering.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Engineering the mechanical and biological properties of nanofibrous vascular grafts for in situ vascular tissue engineering

Henry

Wang

et al. 2017

Biofabrication

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“…Figure 6 depicts IR spectra taken from both heparin types, and in general, they exhibit rather comparable features differing only in the sulfate groups content [32,33,34], especially in the glucosamine (941 cm −1 ) and iduronate (800 and 816 and 820 cm −1 ) sections of the spectra, meaning that reactive-grade heparin is more sulfated and has a larger molecular weight. Also, it is possible that the lower sulfation degree in the pharmaceutical-grade heparin might be due to the fact that it is administered to humans, and sulfates, at high concentrations are harmful.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heparin Assisted Photochemical Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles and Their Performance as SERS Substrates

Rodriguez-Torres

Dı́az-Torres

Romero-Servin

2014

IJMS

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Reactive and pharmaceutical-grade heparins were used as biologically compatible reducing and stabilizing agents to photochemically synthesize colloidal gold nanoparticles. Aggregates and anisotropic shapes were obtained photochemically under UV black-light lamp irradiation (λ = 366 nm). Heparin-functionalized gold nanoparticles were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The negatively charged colloids were used for the Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) analysis of differently charged analytes (dyes). Measurements of pH were taken to inspect how the acidity of the medium affects the colloid-analyte interaction. SERS spectra were taken by mixing the dyes and the colloidal solutions without further functionalization or addition of any aggregating agent.

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“…While directional coupling chemistry has been used to immobilize heparin to polymeric structures such as PTFE 19 and nanomaterials [2–23], it has not been previously reported on dendrons/dendrimers or on biological structures. Here we present a novel method that enables the synthetic engineering of a dense, oriented heparin-containing layer on biological structures, such as decellularized vessels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Click-coated, heparinized, decellularized vascular grafts

et al. 2015

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A novel method enabling the engineering of a dense and appropriately oriented heparin-containing layer on decellularized aortas has been developed. Amino groups of decellularized aortas were first modified to azido groups using 3-azidobenzoic acid. Azide-clickable dendrons were attached onto the azido groups through “alkyne-azide” click chemistry, affording a ten-fold amplification of adhesions sites. Dendron end groups were finally decorated with end-on modified heparin chains. Heparin chains were oriented like heparan sulfate groups on native endothelial cells surface. XPS, NMR, MS and FTIR were used to characterize the synthesis steps, building the final heparin layered coatings. Continuity of the heparin coating was verified using fluorescent microscopy and histological analysis. Efficacy of heparin linkage was demonstrated with factor Xa antithrombogenic assay and platelet adhesion studies. The results suggest that oriented heparin immobilization to decellularized aortas may improve the in vivo blood compatibility of decellularized aortas and vessels.

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Immobilization of Heparin: Approaches and Applications

Cited by 184 publications

References 50 publications

Engineering the mechanical and biological properties of nanofibrous vascular grafts for in situ vascular tissue engineering

Engineering the mechanical and biological properties of nanofibrous vascular grafts for in situ vascular tissue engineering

Heparin Assisted Photochemical Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles and Their Performance as SERS Substrates

Click-coated, heparinized, decellularized vascular grafts

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