Immobilization of Lead and Nickel Ions from Polluted Yam Peels Biomass Using Cement-Based Solidification/Stabilization Technique

Abstract

Nowadays, biomass has been employed to prepare biosorbents for heavy metals uptake; however, further disposal of polluted material has limited its application. In this work, nickel and lead removal was performed using yam peels and the resulting polluted biomass was mixed with concrete to produce bricks. The biomass was characterized by FT-IR analysis for testing functional groups diversification before and after adsorption process. The effect of adsorbent dosage, temperature, and initial solution concentration was evaluated to select suitable values of these parameters. Adsorption results were adjusted to kinetic and isotherm models to determine adsorption mechanism. Desorption experiments were also performed to determine the appropriate desorbing agent as well as its concentration. Immobilization technique of cement-based solidification/stabilization was applied and the polluted biomass was incorporated to concrete bricks at 5 and 10%. Mechanical resistance and leaching tests were carried out to analyze the suitability of heavy metals immobilization. The suitable values for dosage, temperature, and initial solution concentration were 0.5 g/L, 40°C and 100 ppm, respectively. The kinetic model that best fitted experimental results was pseudo-second order indicating a dominant physicochemical interaction between the two phases. The highest desorption yields were found in 52.47 and 74.84% for nickel and lead ions. The concrete bricks exhibited compression resistance above 5 MPa and all the leachate reported concentrations below the environmental limit. These results suggested that nickel and lead immobilization using concrete bricks is a good alternative to meet disposal problems of contaminated biomass.

Characterization of Residual Biomasses and Its Application for the Removal of Lead Ions from Aqueous Solution

“…The Freundlich parameter (n) reached a value of 1.87 for the OBP biomass, suggesting that the chemical bonds formed between Pb(II) ions and OBP were strong, and that the adsorption process was favorable. On the other hand, the values of n for CP, YP, and BP were relatively low, which indicated that the binding of Pb(II) ions onto adsorbent surface was weak [14,43].…”

“…The adsorption process is highly affected by several parameters, such as temperature, adsorbent dosage, particle size of adsorbent, solution pH, temperature, contact time, and stirring, among others [29]. Previous contributions developed by the authors have suggested the optimal operating conditions for lead uptake onto the selected biomasses [14,26,30,31]. In this sense, adsorption tests were performed on batch mode under 200 rpm, 30 • C, using bioadsorbents of 1 mm particle size at pH = 6.…”

“…Isotherm modeling was performed for 24 h by varying the initial concentration of heavy metal ions (25,50,75, and 100 ppm) at fixed conditions: 30 • C, 100 mL of solution, and 0.5 g of bioadsorbent. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were selected to fit the experimental results in batch adsorption mode [14]. Tables 1 and 2 report the fitting equations used to determine both the kinetic and isotherm parameters.…”

“…To date, different types of agricultural biomasses have been prepared as bioadsorbents for the treatment of residual water, such as peanut shells, shrimp exoskeleton, fruit peels, and sugarcane bagasse [12,13]. The valorization of such biomasses by synthetizing adsorbent materials represents an attractive solution to solve disposal problems of agricultural residues [14]. Anastopoulos et al [15] performed a literature review on the use of agricultural biomasses as bioadsorbents to decontaminate aqueous solutions.…”

Estudio del efecto de la temperatura, concentración inicial de contaminante y dosis de adsorbente en la remoción de Níquel (II) usando residuos agroindustriales

“…Por lo anterior, muchos investigadores han desarrollados nuevos materiales a partir de residuos de origen agrícola y agroindustrial, ya que tienen grupos poliméricos que funcionan como centros activos para la captación de metales [1,[15][16]. Algunos biomateriales han sido ampliamente probadas como adsorbentes y demostrado que pueden eliminar efectivamente metales pesados de las aguas residuales, tales como residuos de hojas de te [3], Marang [13], paja de arroz [17], cáscaras de: litchi, naranja, granada y plátano [12,16,18], lima [19], chicharos [20], pepino [21], yuca [22], papa [23], nanjea [24]; semillas de: níspero [25], moringa [26], lanzón [27], acerola [28]; entre otros.…”