Immobilization of Lipases Using Poly(vinyl) Alcohol

Abstract

Lipases are very versatile enzymes because they catalyze various hydrolysis and synthesis reactions in a chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective manner. From a practical point of view, immobilization allows the recovery and stabilization of the biocatalyst for its application in different types of bioreactors. Among the various support options for immobilizing lipases is polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which, when functionalized or combined with other materials, provides different characteristics and properties to the biocatalyst. This review analyzes the multiple possibilities that PVA offers as a material to immobilize lipases when combined with alginate, chitosan, and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), incorporating magnetic properties together with the formation of fibers and microspheres. The articles analyzed in this review were selected using the Scopus database in a range of years from 1999 to 2023, finding a total of 42 articles. The need to expand knowledge in this area is due to the great versatility and scaling possibilities that PVA has as a support for lipase immobilization and its application in different bioreactor configurations.

Wearable electrochemical sensors for real-time monitoring in diabetes mellitus and associated complications

“…The quantity of enzyme bound to the support matrix is positively correlated with the surface charge density of the materials. The support matrix materials, including polysaccharide derivatives (e.g., diethylaminoethyl cellulose [147] , carboxymethyl cellulose [148] , and chitosan [149] ), synthetic polymers (e.g., polystyrene derivatives [150] and polyethylene vinyl alcohol [151] ), and inorganic substances such as silica gel [152,153] , are utilized in this method. In certain instances, physical adsorption may also occur.…”

Upstream and Downstream Bioprocessing in Enzyme Technology

“…Physical and covalent bonds are among the support binding methods [ 23 , 24 ]. The physical unions are carried out on hydrophobic materials, weak Van der Wals unions, or by encapsulation using polymers, biopolymers, or a combination of both [ 25 ]. Regarding immobilization through adsorption, some of the most frequently employed support materials include methacrylates, silica, magnetic nanoparticles, carbon, and various polymers.…”

“…Physical and covalent bonds are among the support binding methods [ 23 , 24 ]. The physical unions are carried out on hydrophobic materials, weak Van der Wals unions, or by encapsulation using polymers, biopolymers, or a combination of both [ 25 ]. The covalent binding of enzymes to a support is carried out using a bifunctional chemical compound that binds to the chemical groups of the support and the amino acids on the enzyme’s surface, such as the lysine groups [ 18 ].…”