Immobilization of Radioactive Wastes by Embedding in Phosphate Ceramic

Borzunov, A. I.; D'yakov, S. V.; Poluéktov, P. P.

doi:10.1023/b:aten.0000027880.04363.d6

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The phosphate solid solution immobilized the mercury, except at very low pH. The use of Mg-K phosphate for ex-situ stabilization of mercury-contaminated soils has been tested (Borzunov et al 2004;Randall and Chattopadhyay 2004). Phosphate increases the sorption of Hg(II) in KClO 4 solution but not in KCl because of the formation of mercury-chloride complexes Boas 1998, 2000).…”

Section: Mercurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Remediation of Deep Vadose Zone Radionuclide and Metal Contamination: Status and Issues

Dresel¹,

Truex²,

Cantrell³

2008

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Table S.1. (contd) Technology Description State of Development Development Path Electrokinetic mobilization and recovery Application of an electric field in the soil induces contaminant mobilization through electromigration, electroosmosis, or electrophoresis. Particularly applicable to lowpermeability sediments. Method has been implemented in selected shallow vadose zone contaminant areas. Ability to deploy at depth and/or over large areas may be an issue. This area is not considered a high priority for R&D. Identify suitable chemical enhancements for particular applications if considering deployment on a site-specific basis. Hybrid electrokinetic delivery of treatment chemicals Mobilization of fluids to target areas by application of electric fields. Laboratory testing performed for reduction of chromate. Control of subsurface chemical conditions is critical. This area is a high priority for R&D applied to remedial design. Recommend further R&D for chemical fixation in low-permeability sediments and enhancement of other remediation systems. Hybrid electrokineticpermeable reductive barrier Electrical fields can enhance the reductive effectiveness of permeable barriers. Laboratory testing performed for reduction of chromate. Placement of electrodes and barriers in deep vadose zone may be problematic. May be useful in areas of low-permeability, high saturation sediments. This area is not considered a high priority for deep vadose zone R&D. Assess local geochemical and hydrological conditions when considering deployment on a site-specific basis. Enhanced Volatilization Volatilization by heating is limited to zero-valent mercury (Hg), organic mercury species, and potentially iodine-129. Hg(II) would have to be reduced to Hg(0) for volatilization. Conceptually simple but only laboratoryscale evaluations were found. This area is not considered a high priority for R&D. Assess local geochemical and hydrological conditions when considering deployment on a site-specific basis. viii Table S.1. (contd) Technology Description State of Development Development Path Enhanced Sorption Chemical manipulation of solution or solid surfaces to retard transport. Addition of materials to increase sorptive surfaces (altered mineralogy or particle size) or to alter aqueous speciation can retard chemical movement. Mature concept. Less fundamental information on desorption processes than for sorption. This area is not considered a high priority for R&D applied to remedial design. Fundamental research on desorption processes would be valuable. xiii Table S.1. (contd) Technology Description State of Development Development Path Hydraulic Control Caps and covers Caps and covers control infiltration and recharge, thus, reducing contaminant transport to the water table. Covers may be combined with other fixation technologies. Cap and cover technologies are well established but may need engineering for site-specific applications. This area is not considered a high priority for deep vadose zone R&D. Consider deployment on a site-specific basis. A...

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Section: Mercurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Remediation of Deep Vadose Zone Radionuclide and Metal Contamination: Status and Issues

Dresel¹,

Truex²,

Cantrell³

2008

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“…There was great interest in this material in the 1990s when Argonne National Laboratory used magnesium phosphate ceramics to encapsulate radioactive and hazardous materials [1]. CBPC are often used as stabilizing agents [2], [3] and/or for immobilizing hazardous wastes with a high leaching potential [4], [5] or radioactive wastes [6], [7]. In addition, CBPC has a very fast setting and good mechanical properties; therefore, there is also a possibility of using the material to quickly repair concrete structures [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of chemically bonded phosphate ceramics with incorporation of barium ions

Zezulová

Dzurov

Palou

2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Chemically bonded phosphate ceramic is an advanced ceramic material with unique physicochemical properties. The ceramic is formed by an acid-base reaction at ambient temperature. This work is focused on the preparation of this ceramic with barium ions incorporated in the matrix. The shielding of different types of ionization is usually poor in this binder; barium as a heavy element increases material resistance to ionization energy. As part of the development of composites for radiation shielding, the paper describes partial research on the possibility of preparing chemically bonded phosphate ceramic incorporating barium and having good mechanical properties.

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“…Os cimentos ácido-base pertencem à família das cerâmicas especiais ligadas ao fosfato (CELF), novos tipos de materiais inorgânicos que têm propriedades físicas e químicas especiais e que, em contraste com a maioria das cerâmicas avançadas, são produzidos processando o material em temperatura ambiente [3,4]. Quando os fosfatos são usados como matéria-prima do oxiânion, a cerâmica quimicamente ligada torna-se uma cerâmica especial ligada ao fosfato (CELF) e é frequentemente utilizada para estabilizar/ encapsular substâncias perigosas, com alto potencial de lixiviação e radioativas [5,6]. Além disso, a CELF apresenta tempo de solidificação muito baixo e boas propriedades mecânicas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Obtenção de cerâmicas quimicamente ligadas a partir de resíduos industriais

et al. 2018

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Resumo Neste trabalho investigaram-se cerâmicas quimicamente ligadas com quatro resíduos industriais: areia de fundição, casca cerâmica, escória de níquel e tijolo refratário MgO-C. O sistema foi composto (% em massa) por 17% de fosfato monopotássico, 12% de magnésia cáustica e 71% de resíduo. Foram empregados três tempos de cura (1, 7 e 28 dias). A fase K-estruvita foi identificada por difratometria de raios X e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. A resistência à compressão aumentou com o tempo de cura, variando entre 7 e 17 MPa. As formulações contendo casca de cerâmica e escória de níquel, no entanto, apresentaram os melhores resultados devido à maior densidade relativa apresentada e aos cristais em forma de placa nas microestruturas obtidas. Os resultados mostraram ser possível a incorporação de resíduos industriais para a obtenção de cerâmicas quimicamente ligadas usando-se a técnica de cimento ácido-base.

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Immobilization of Radioactive Wastes by Embedding in Phosphate Ceramic

Cited by 20 publications

References 1 publication

Remediation of Deep Vadose Zone Radionuclide and Metal Contamination: Status and Issues

Remediation of Deep Vadose Zone Radionuclide and Metal Contamination: Status and Issues

Mechanical properties of chemically bonded phosphate ceramics with incorporation of barium ions

Obtenção de cerâmicas quimicamente ligadas a partir de resíduos industriais

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