IMMS’ General Textbook of Entomology

Richards, O. W.; Davies, R. G.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-6514-3

Cited by 105 publications

(92 citation statements)

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“…In insects with a slow digestive process, the crop dilatation could be related with its ability to store food (BRUSCA; BRUSCA, 1990;WIGGLESWORTH, 1984); besides, the beginning of the digestion would occur in this region due to the action of the digestive enzymes from the salivary glands as well of those regurgitated from the midgut (CHI et al, 1975;RICHARDS;DAVIES, 1994).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cryptonephric complex conserves water by absorbing it actively from the feces either to the hemolymph or to the lumen of the Malpighian tubules. Besides, this system is very important for insects that live in dried habitats, which use this mechanism to control the water reabsorbing and ions loss (RICHARDS; DAVIES, 1994;RIGONI;TOMOTAKE;CONTE, 2004). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultramorfologia do trato digestivo de Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner, 1818) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) no final do desenvolvimento larval

et al. 2008

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ResumoO trato digestivo dos insetos constitui uma importante barreira físico-química natural contra invasão de patógenos. Algumas larvas de lepidópteros são consideradas pragas agrícolas potenciais e sua biologia tem recebido muita atenção; no entanto, pouco se sabe sobre a morfologia do sistema digestivo. A análise morfológica do trato digestivo de Anticarsia gemmatalis em nível ultraestrutural é um método bastante eficaz para o estudo dos seus mecanismos de defesa. Os materiais foram fixados (solução de glutaraldeído 2,5%; 0.1M tampão fosfato, pH 7.3), pós-fixados (tetróxido de ósmio 1% no mesmo tampão), desidratados em ponto crítico, recobertos com ouro e analisados ao microscópio eletrônico de varredura 515-Philips. O trato digestivo de A. gemmatalis consiste de um tubo retilíneo de diâmetro e comprimento variável, subdividido em três regiões: intestino anterior formado pela cavidade bucal, faringe, esôfago e papo; o intestino médio que é a região mais longa do trato digestivo, sem aparente diferenciação morfológica ao longo do comprimento; e o intestino posterior que é diferenciado em piloro, íleo, cólon, e reto. Embora a morfologia geral do trato digestivo de A. gemmatalis seja bastante semelhante ao de outras espécies de Lepidoptera, o arranjo anatômico das camadas musculares do papo difere do descrito para larvas destes insetos. Palavras-chave: Microscopia eletrônica de varredura, tubo digestivo, lagarta-da-soja AbstractThe digestive tract of insects is an important natural, physical, and chemical defense barrier against pathogen invasion. Certain lepidopteran caterpillars are serious pests of agricultural crops and their biology has received much attention, but little is known about the larval noctuid gut. The morphological analysis of the digestive tract in Anticarsia gemmatalis under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a good model for studies about its defense mechanism. The material was fixed (2,5% glutaraldehyde solution; 0.1M-phosphate buffer, pH 7.3), post-fixed (1% osmium tetroxide in the same buffer), dried at critical point, gold coated and analyzed in a SEM 515-Philips. A. gemmatalis digestive tract consists of a straight duct of varying length and diameter, subdivided in three main regions: the foregut formed by the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, and crop; the midgut that is the largest portion of the digestive tract

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultramorfologia do trato digestivo de Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner, 1818) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) no final do desenvolvimento larval

et al. 2008

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“…Scarabaeinae dung beetles posses a single telotrophic ovary with one ovariole (Tyndale-Biscoe 1978). Eggs are matured sequentially and there can only be one mature egg possessing a chorion within the ovariole at any one time (Richards and Davies 1977). Th us, the remaining undeveloped (but developing) oocytes do not possess a chorion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does your preservative preserve? A comparison of the efficacy of some pitfall trap solutions in preserving the internal reproductive organs of dung beetles

Aristophanous

2010

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Eight pitfall trap preservatives, brine, saturated borax solution, propylene glycol (33%, 50%, 75%), white vinegar, 100% ethylene glycol, FAACC (Formaldehyde 4%, Acetic acid 5%, Calcium chloride 1.3%), 4% phosphate buff ered formaldehyde and 96% ethanol, were compared for their ability to preserve the internal reproductive organs of the dung beetle Liatongus militaris (Laporte) (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) for up to 28 days in the fi eld. Relative evaporation rates of the preservatives in riparian vine thicket and low open woodland environments were also compared. 96% ethanol, FAACC and 4% phosphate buff ered formaldehyde were the only solutions found to preserve all of the internal reproductive organs. Evaporation rates were lower in the vine thicket and some preservatives such as ethanol completely evaporated within seven days. 4% phosphate buff ered formaldehyde is recommended as a preservative for pitfall traps left in the fi eld for periods longer than one week. Possible ways to prevent trap interference by mammals and risks to the environment due to overspill are also discussed.

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“…This consists of five families (Richards & Davies, 1977 Many Diptera are anthophilous. They mainly feed on nectar, but pollenfeeding also occurs.…”

Section: Gelechioideamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On flowers they can also feed on pollen (Porsch, 1956 (Proctor & Yeo, 1973 (Hagerup, 1950). Richards & Davies (1977) mentioned that Thrips fuscipennis. T. major, T. flavus, Taeniothrips atratus and T. vulgatissimus congregate in large numbers on many different flowers, though their larvae feed on other plants.…”

Section: Sciomyzoideamentioning

confidence: 99%