“…In recent years, the importance of immune function and the role of glial cells during brain development have been paid particular interest since new roles have been described in the interaction between the endocrine and immune systems under physiological and pathological conditions (Bilbo, Smith, & Schwarz, ; Harry & Kraft, ). Using prenatal or perinatal immune activation (Arad, Piontkewitz, Albelda, Shaashua, & Weiner, ; Canetta et al, ; Depino, ; Schaafsma et al, ), new evidence indicates the role of immune molecules in brain development and behavioral outcomes. For instance, the role in brain development and the plasticity of major histocompatibility complex I (MHCI), which mediates both innate and adaptive immune response, has been extensively studied (for a review, see Elmer & McAllister, ) and supports the idea that MHCI participates in several processes during brain development as in neural cell differentiation, migration, synapse formation/refinement, and synaptic transmission.…”