Immune activities of the water-soluble yam (<i>Dioscorea opposite</i>Thunb) polysaccharides as affected by thermal, acidic and enzymatic treatments

Hao, Li-Xin; Zhao, Xin‐Huai

doi:10.1080/19476337.2015.1095803

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In detail, the tryptic caseinate hydrolysates with oligochitosan glycation had higher potential to increase the secretion levels of immunoglobulins, enhance spleen and thymus indices, and promote splenocyte lymphocyte proliferation and NK cell activity in the BALB/c mice [54]. When YPS was efficiently hydrolyzed by inorganic acid, the hydrolyzed products totally lost their immunomodulation; however, thermal treatment of YPS totally led to unchanged immunomodulatory activities [55]. Polyphenols are unstable upon heat treatment and thus perform various chemical reactions, including oxidation, ring cleavage, and others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

In Vitro Immunomodulation of the Polysaccharides from Yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) in Response to a Selenylation of Lower Extent

Guan

Lin

et al. 2021

Foods

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The immunomodulation of chemically selenylated polysaccharides has been attracting more attention recently, but the corresponding performance of the yam polysaccharides (YPS) with lower selenylation extent remains, thus far, unsolved. In this study, the YPS was selenylated with Na2SeO3 under acidic conditions generated by HNO3 to reach two lower selenylation extents, yielding two selenylated YPSs, namely SeYPS-1 and SeYPS-2 with selenium contents of 715 and 1545 mg/kg, respectively. The results indicated that YPS, SeYPS-1, and SeYPS-2 all had in vitro immuno-modulation when using RAW 264.7 macrophages and murine splenocytes as cell models. In detail, the three polysaccharide samples at dose levels of 5–160 μg/mL showed insignificant cytotoxicity to the macrophages and splenocytes with cell exposure times of 12–24 h, because of the measured values of cell viability larger than 100%. However, Na2SeO3 at dose levels of 1.3–3.25 μg/mL mostly caused obvious cytotoxic effects on the cells, resulting in reduced cell viability values or cell death, efficiently. The results demonstrated that, compared with YPS, both SeYPS-1 and SeYPS-2 at a lower dose level (5 μg/mL) were more active at promoting phagocytosis activity, increasing the CD4+/CD8+ ratio of the T-lymphocyte sub-population in the murine splenocyte, improving cytokine secretion, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α in the macrophages, or increasing interferon-γ secretion, but suppressing IL-4 production in the splenocytes. Consistently, SeYPS-2 has more potential than SeYPS-1 at exerting these assessed bioactivities in the cells. Thus, we conclude that a chemical modification of YPS using trace element Se at a lower selenylation extent could bring about higher immunomodulatory activity towards macrophages and splenocytes, while selenylation extent of YPS is a critical factor used to govern the assessed activity changes of YPS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

In Vitro Immunomodulation of the Polysaccharides from Yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) in Response to a Selenylation of Lower Extent

Guan

Lin

et al. 2021

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“…at 100°C for 30 or 60 min), but very sensitive to the severe digestion (e.g. by a HCl solution of 3 mol L −1 ) (Hao & Zhao, 2015), which verify that the WYPs will keep their structure and immune activities during thermal processing and body digestion. However, in vivo immune activities of the WYPs are not well-assessed so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Immunomodulatory potentials of the water-soluble yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb) polysaccharides for the normal and cyclophosphamide-suppressed mice

Hao

Zhao

2016

Food and Agricultural Immunology

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Immunomodulatory potentials of water-soluble yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb) polysaccharides (WYPs) for the normal and immuno-suppressed mice were described in this study. For the normal mice, the WYPs at 500 mg kg −1 elevated spleen and thymus indices by 22-42%; promoted macrophages' phagocytosis; lymphocytes' proliferation and natural killer (NK) cell activity by 18-53%; enhanced IL-2 and IFN-γ levels in the splenocytes by 42-45%; raised IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS and lysozyme levels in the macrophages by 40-219%; and increased serum IgM, IgA and IgG levels by 44-51%. The WYPs could restore and improve immune status of the cyclophosphamide-treated mice, as they at 500 mg kg −1 elevated spleen and thymus indices by 85-172%; promoted macrophages' phagocytosis, lymphocytes' proliferation and NK cell activity by 24-98%; enhanced IL-2 and IFN-γ levels in the splenocytes by 44-109% or IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS and lysozyme levels in the macrophages by 53-287%; and increased the three immunoglobulins by 24-69%.

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“…Spleens were treated, as previously described [22], to obtain a single-cell suspension (cell viability [98%). The splenocytes at final density of 1 9 10 5 cells/mL were seeded onto a 96-well plate (50 lL/well), and then incubated with or without the extract solutions (40 lL/well) in a total volume of 100 lL of RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS.…”

Section: Assay Of Spleen Lymphocyte Proliferationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peritoneal macrophages were prepared as previously described [22] with a cell viability of greater than 98%. Macrophages at 1 9 10 5 cells/mL in the RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% FBS were seeded onto a 96-well plate (100 lL/well), and incubated at 37°C for 4 h. The non-adherent cells were discarded, whereas the adherent cells were treated with fresh RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% FBS (100 lL/well).…”

Section: Assay Of Macrophage Phagocytosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fermentation times and extracting solvents on the in vitro immune potentials of the soluble extracts of mucor-fermented Mao-tofu

Liu

Zhao

2017

Food Sci Biotechnol

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Mucor-fermented Mao-tofu at 3-7 days was extracted using water (pH 4.5 and pH 6.5) and ethanol solutions (40 and 80%, v/v). At protein concentration of 40 μg/mL, all the extracts showed immune activities via activating macrophages, splenocytes, and natural killer cells, which enhances the secretion of interleukin (IL)-2, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1β, IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and lysozyme, but inhibits the secretion of IL-4. All the extracts exhibited higher activities than that of soybean protein, demonstrating that Mucor-mediated fermentation enhanced the immune potentials of Mao-tofu. Fermentation time of 6 days ensured the extracts the highest activities, whereas lower activities were detected. The highest and lowest activities were detected on using a solution of water (pH 6.5) and 40% ethanol, respectively. The extract obtained using water (pH 6.5) contained more Arg and Cys with immune significance, which partially contributed to its high activities. Both fermentation times and extracting solvents were thus proved to affect the immune activities of soluble Mao-tofu extracts.

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Immune activities of the water-soluble yam (Dioscorea oppositeThunb) polysaccharides as affected by thermal, acidic and enzymatic treatments

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

In Vitro Immunomodulation of the Polysaccharides from Yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) in Response to a Selenylation of Lower Extent

In Vitro Immunomodulation of the Polysaccharides from Yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) in Response to a Selenylation of Lower Extent

Immunomodulatory potentials of the water-soluble yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb) polysaccharides for the normal and cyclophosphamide-suppressed mice

Effect of fermentation times and extracting solvents on the in vitro immune potentials of the soluble extracts of mucor-fermented Mao-tofu

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