Immune and oxidative stress biomarkers in pediatric psychosis and psychosis-risk: Meta-analyses and systematic review

Taylor, Jerome Henry; Bermudez-Gomez, Julieta; Zhou, Marina; Gómez, Oscar; Ganz-Leary, Casey; Palacios-Ordonez, Cesar; Huque, Zeeshan M.; Barzilay, Ran; Goldsmith, David R.; Gur, Raquel E.

doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2023.12.019

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…A study in adolescents with acute psychotic disorders included in our review also found an increase in NLR compared with healthy adolescents (MLR was not assessed in that study) [ 56 ]. The increase in NLR in adolescents with psychotic disorders compared with non-psychotic adolescents is also confirmed by a meta-analysis of the results of 3 studies in this age group including 557 participants [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been published summarizing data on IHRs in mental disorders across various age groups, including children [ 25 , 59 ], adults [ 33 , 36 , 37 , 60 , 61 ], and mixed-age samples [ 38 ]. The majority of these studies focus on affective disorders in adult patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, a comparison of studies on IHRs in mental disorders between adolescents and adults indicates that the most reproducible abnormalities compared with healthy individuals in both age groups are NLR and (to a lesser extent) PLR increase in affective disorders [ 36 , 37 , 51 , 60 ], as well as NLR increase in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (first psychotic episode and schizophrenia) [ 25 , 33 , 56 ]. Comparison of studies of IHRs in ADHD between adolescents [ 46 , 47 ] and younger children [ 59 ] demonstrates an increase in NLR compared with healthy controls (although not in all studies) in both age groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peripheral blood levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are usually considered as biomarkers of systemic inflammation in various mental disorders [ 22 , 23 ]. Inflammatory hematological ratios (IHRs), such as the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) can serve as inexpensive and readily available biomarkers [ 24 , 25 ]. The above listed ratios, which characterize both innate and acquired immunity [ 26 ], have been studied as risk factors and/or predictors of the severity of COVID-19 [ 27 ], oncological [ 28 ], endocrine [ 29 ], and cardiovascular disorders [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inflammatory Hematological Ratios in Adolescents with Mental Disorders: A Scoping Review

Popov,

Kosterin

et al. 2024

Consortium Psychiatricum

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BACKGOUND: Inflammatory hematological ratios (IHRs), such as neutrophil to lymphocyte, monocyte to lymphocyte, and platelet to lymphocyte ratios, are associated with mental disorders, symptoms severity, and the disease phase. Evidence from the studies in adult patients has been summarized in systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The results of the studies in adolescents remain poorly systematized. AIM: To summarize the findings from the studies that investigated the relationship of IHRs with mental disorders in adolescent patients. METHODS: This scoping review included studies of IHRs in patients aged 10–19 years with mental disorders (other than anorexia nervosa), published in English by December 31, 2023. The search for relevant papers was performed in MEDLINE. The studies were categorized into two groups: studies with external controls (healthy adolescents) and studies with internal controls (patients in different phases of mental disorder, with or without self-harm/suicidal behaviors). RESULTS: A total of 11 studies were included in the review (all cross-sectional ones). The results of these studies demonstrate that 1) adolescents with mental disorders (major depressive disorder, psychotic disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, substance use disorders) have higher IHR values than individuals of the same age without corresponding disorders (5 studies); 2) IHR values are positively correlated with the severity of psychopathological symptoms (1 study); 3) higher IHR values are associated with the phase of the mental disorder — manic episode in bipolar disorder (1 study) and exacerbation of psychosis in psychotic disorders (1 study); and 4) higher IHR values are associated with self-harm/suicidal behaviors — suicide attempts (1 study) and non-suicidal self-injury (1 study). CONCLUSION: IHRs are associated with mental disorders in adolescents, and higher IHR values are associated with a more severe/acute clinical presentation (severity of symptoms, mania, acute psychosis, self-harm/suicidal behaviors). Further studies of higher methodological quality are needed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of IHRs as biomarkers of mental disorders in adolescence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%