Immune and physiological responses of juvenile Chinese sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) to eugenol and tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) in gills

Essential oil of Magnolia denudata is an effective anesthetic for spotted seabass (Lateolabrax maculatus): a test of its effect on blood biochemistry, physiology, and gill morphology

“…Anesthetic is useful for reducing stress and improving sh welfare during handling. However, only MS-222 and eugenol have been studied, and they could cause damage to the liver and gills of L. maculatus (Wang et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2020;Dong et al, 2020a). Therefore, more anesthetics need to be tested on this species.…”

“…In addition, MDO has less adverse impact on L. maculatus than eugenol. In recent studies, eugenol also showed more serve impact than other anesthetics ( Antioxidant enzymes play a critical role in responding to oxidative stress during intracellular redox balance in vertebrates Wang et al, 2020;Jiao et al, 2019). SOD, CAT, and POD are important enzymes involved in antioxidant defense systems and represent the cell's rst line of defense against oxidative stress (Wang et al, 2020).…”

“…In recent studies, eugenol also showed more serve impact than other anesthetics ( Antioxidant enzymes play a critical role in responding to oxidative stress during intracellular redox balance in vertebrates Wang et al, 2020;Jiao et al, 2019). SOD, CAT, and POD are important enzymes involved in antioxidant defense systems and represent the cell's rst line of defense against oxidative stress (Wang et al, 2020). In the present study, increasing antioxidant enzyme activity (POD, SOD, and CAT) implies that anesthesia stress stimulates the antioxidant system during the recovery period.…”

“…In addition, no report conducts on the anesthetic effect of essential oil on L. maculatus. However, some previous studies have shown that eugenol is more effective and safer than MS-222 (Wang et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2020;Dong et al, 2020a;Cao et al, 2019). Therefore, our study aimed to compare the anesthetic effects, blood parameters and gill physiological changes after exposure to the essential oil of M. denudate and eugenol.…”

“…Tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) and eugenol are chemically synthesized anesthetics in aquaculture to reduce sh activities (Bahrekazemi and Youse , 2017;Skår et al, 2017;Aydın et al, 2015;Purbosari et al, 2019). Moreover, they have been tested on L. maculatus and have been shown to cause gill and liver damage in recent studies (Wang et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2020). In addition, no report conducts on the anesthetic effect of essential oil on L. maculatus.…”