Immune-checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

Abstract

Lung cancer is the primary cause of mortality in the world. It is able to manipulate the host immune response system through many mechanisms, such as through alteration of cytokines structure, forming regulator T-cells, obstruction of cellular immunity function, and the interference of tumor antigen presenting process. The new therapy approachment is produced by stimulating anti-cancer immune response, therefore the growth of lung cancer is able to inhibit. Immune checkpoint inhibition is considered as therapy for non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) after the unsuccessful treatment by platinum-based chemotherapy. Recent study shows that immune checkpoint inhibition monotherapy is more distinguished as first line therapy than platinum-based chemotherapy. Nonetheless, the effect of immunotherapy is only available for small population (30%) which has more than 50% PD-L1 programmed by the tumor. Therefore, some strategies are investigated to solve this issue. Nowadays, immunotherapy is expected to overcome lung cancer which is still being investigated in many studies.