Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Lung Cancer and Melanoma

Madden, Kathleen; Kasler, Mary Kate

doi:10.1016/j.soncn.2019.08.011

Cited by 38 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In the last decade, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have played an increasingly important role in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), malignant melanoma, and other malignancies [ 1 , 2 ]. However, with the continuously expanding indications of ICIs and their widespread application in clinical front-line treatment, many immune-related adverse reactions associated with ICIs have been observed, for instance, in the skin, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, liver, kidney, lung, and other organs; these reactions can even be life-threatening [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiographic features and prognosis of early- and late-onset non-small cell lung cancer immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis

Huang

Zang

et al. 2021

BMC Cancer

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Background Immunotherapy is becoming a standard of care for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Checkpoint inhibitor-associated pneumonia (CIP) is a rare and potentially life-threatening event that can occur at any time during tumor immunotherapy. However, there may be differences in the radiological patterns and prognosis of CIP during different periods. This study aimed to investigate the radiographic features and prognosis of early- and late-onset immune-related pneumonitis. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 677 NSCLC patients receiving immunotherapy to identify 32 patients with CIP, analyzed the clinical and radiographic data, and summarized the radiological features and prognosis of early- and late-onset CIP. Results CIP had an incidence of 4.7%, a median onset time of 10 weeks, and a mortality of 28.1%. Among these, CIP included 14 early-onset cases, where grade ≥ 3 CIP accounted for 92.9%, main radiographic pattern was organizing pneumonia (OP)-like pattern, and mortality was 50.0%. We also identified 18 late-onset CIPs, where grade ≥ 3 CIP accounted for 50.0%, main radiographic pattern was nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP)-like pattern, and mortality was 11.1%. The overall survival rate of the early-onset group was significantly lower than that of the late-onset group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Early-onset CIP cases were higher in the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v5.0) grade and mainly presented with an OP-like radiographic pattern; whereas, late-onset CIP cases were lower in CTCAE grade and mainly presented with an NSIP-like radiographic pattern. Finally, the prognosis of the early-onset CIP group was poorer than that of the late-onset CIP group. We believe that this study will be helpful for clinicians for making early diagnosis and deciding treatment modalities for patients with CIP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiographic features and prognosis of early- and late-onset non-small cell lung cancer immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis

Huang

Zang

et al. 2021

BMC Cancer

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“…Melanoma, a malignant skin tumor, has an increasing morbidity and fatality rate [ 9 ]. The discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors has greatly improved the prognosis of patients with melanoma [ 10 ]. However, as the number of cases treated by immune checkpoint inhibitors increases, drug resistance is also emerging, impeding the development of melanoma treatment [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Database mining analysis revealed the role of the putative H⁺/sugar transporter solute carrier family 45 in skin cutaneous melanoma

et al. 2021

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Metabolic reprogramming is common in various cancers. Targeting metabolism to treat tumors is a hot research topic at present. Among them, changes in glucose metabolism in cancer have been widely studied. The Warburg effect maintains a high metabolic level in the tumor, accompanied by changes in glucose transporters. The transmembrane transport of sugar was previously thought to be mediated by SGLT and GLUT. Recently, the Solute Carrier Family(SLC) 45 family may be the third sugar transporter. But the role and value of the SLC45 family in melanoma, a highly malignant skin tumor, is unclear. Our study found that the four members of the SLC45 family, SLC45A1-SLC45A4, were differentially expressed in melanoma, but only SLC45A2 and SLC45A3 had prognostic guiding values. Further analysis revealed that the co-expression patterns of SLC45A2 and SLC45A3 were enriched in multiple metabolic pathways, suggesting their potential role in melanoma. In addition, SLC45A2 and SLC45A3 are also associated with immune cell infiltration. In conclusion, SLC45A2 and SLC45A3 are good prognostic indicators for melanoma and have guiding value for the treatment of melanoma in the future.

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“…Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have greatly changed the treatment landscape of patients with non-small cell lung cancer ( 14 ). However, due to the rarity of IMA, the studies of immune-checkpoint expression in patients with IMA have been limited, and no specific immune checkpoint therapy has been established for IMA yet ( 15 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Relevance of PD-L1 Expression and CD8+ T Cells’ Infiltration in Patients With Lung Invasive Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Oncol.

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BackgroundInvasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) of the lung is a rare and distinct subtype of adenocarcinoma. At present, people have no idea whether IMA patients can benefit from immunotherapy and target therapy; thus there is an urgent need to clarify the immune microenvironment and genetic characteristics of this cohort.MethodsA total of 31 IMA patients matched with 27 non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (non-IMA) patients were enrolled in this study, and clinical data was collected. The expression of PD-L1, CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and ALK was determined by immunohistochemistry. Polymerase Chain Reaction was used to determine the mutations of EGFR. The Chi-square test, Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazard regression model were used to explore the correlations between these clinicopathological variables, survival and identify risk factors.ResultsOf the patients with IMA 9.7% (3/31) revealed positive PD-L1 expression and 35.5% (11/31) showed CD8+ TIL infiltration, which were markedly lower than that of non-IMA group [PD-L1: 48.1% (13/27); CD8: 81.5% (22/27)]. Moreover, five (16.1%) patients in IMA group and 10 (37.0%) patients in non-IMA group had EGFR mutations, and nine (29.0%) patients in IMA group and zero (0.0%) patient in non-IMA group had ALK rearrangements. Additionally, we observed that IMA patients with CD8+ TIL infiltration had a worse prognosis than CD8-negative group (P = 0.024). Multivariate analyses showed that CD8 was an independent prognostic factor for patient’s survival (HR = 5.60, 95% CI: 1.35–23.22, P = 0.017).ConclusionPatients with IMA have down-regulated expression of PD-L1 and less CD8+ TIL infiltration in tumor microenvironment. Besides, a lower frequency of EGFR mutations was detected in patients with IMA than non-IMA patients while a higher rate of ALK rearrangements was found. Our results provide important reference for therapy of lung IMA.

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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Lung Cancer and Melanoma

Cited by 38 publications

References 42 publications

Radiographic features and prognosis of early- and late-onset non-small cell lung cancer immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis

Radiographic features and prognosis of early- and late-onset non-small cell lung cancer immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis

Database mining analysis revealed the role of the putative H⁺/sugar transporter solute carrier family 45 in skin cutaneous melanoma

Clinical Relevance of PD-L1 Expression and CD8+ T Cells’ Infiltration in Patients With Lung Invasive Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Lung Cancer and Melanoma

Cited by 38 publications

References 42 publications

Radiographic features and prognosis of early- and late-onset non-small cell lung cancer immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis

Radiographic features and prognosis of early- and late-onset non-small cell lung cancer immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis

Database mining analysis revealed the role of the putative H+/sugar transporter solute carrier family 45 in skin cutaneous melanoma

Clinical Relevance of PD-L1 Expression and CD8+ T Cells’ Infiltration in Patients With Lung Invasive Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

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Database mining analysis revealed the role of the putative H⁺/sugar transporter solute carrier family 45 in skin cutaneous melanoma