Immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy as the game-changing approach for pediatric lymphoma: A brief landscape

Ebrahimi, Sara; Habibzadeh, Adrina; Khojasteh-Kaffash, Soroush; Valizadeh, Parya; Samieefar, Noosha; Rezaei, Nima

doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104225

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104225

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy as the game-changing approach for pediatric lymphoma: A brief landscape

Sara Ebrahimi,

Adrina Habibzadeh,

Soroush Khojasteh-Kaffash

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 1 publication

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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Pediatric Cancers: Is It Still a Stalemate?

Jaing,

Wang,

Chiu

2024

Pharmaceuticals

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The knowledge surrounding the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the treatment of pediatric cancers is continuously expanding and evolving. These therapies work by enhancing the body’s natural immune response against tumors, which may have been suppressed by certain pathways. The effectiveness of ICIs in treating adult cancers has been widely acknowledged. However, the results of early phase I/II clinical trials that exclusively targeted the use of ICIs for treating different pediatric cancers have been underwhelming. The response rates to ICIs have generally been modest, except for cases of pediatric classic Hodgkin lymphoma. There seems to be a notable disparity in the immunogenicity of childhood cancers compared to adult cancers, potentially accounting for this phenomenon. On average, childhood cancers tend to have significantly fewer neoantigens. In recent times, there has been a renewed sense of optimism regarding the potential benefits of ICI therapies for specific groups of children with cancer. In initial research, individuals diagnosed with pediatric hypermutated and SMARCB1-deficient cancers have shown remarkable positive outcomes when treated with ICI therapies. This is likely due to the underlying biological factors that promote the expression of neoantigens and inflammation within the tumor. Ongoing trials are diligently assessing the effectiveness of ICIs for pediatric cancer patients in these specific subsets. This review aimed to analyze the safety and effectiveness of ICIs in pediatric patients with different types of highly advanced malignancies.

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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Pediatric Cancers: Is It Still a Stalemate?

Jaing,

Wang,

Chiu

2024

Pharmaceuticals

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy as the game-changing approach for pediatric lymphoma: A brief landscape

Cited by 1 publication

References 161 publications

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Pediatric Cancers: Is It Still a Stalemate?

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Pediatric Cancers: Is It Still a Stalemate?

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