Immune-Complex Infectious Bursal Disease Virus versus Live Attenuated Vaccines to Protect SPF Chicken against Very Virulent Virus Challenge

El-Fetouh, Moustafa S. Abou; Hafez, Magdy H.; El-Attar, El-Sayed R.; El-Agamy, M. Ezzat; Soyadı, Yazar Adı Yazar

doi:10.36380/jwpr.2020.63

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Dedicated experimental studies would be necessary to confirm such a hypothesis and understand the underlying immunological processes. Despite the causes, the present study results are in agreement with other trials reporting the absence of vvIBDV challenge virus in immune-complex vaccinated groups ( 18 ). Regretfully, field/challenge strain detection and quantification are not common practices in studies evaluating the safety of IBDV vaccines.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Ideally, vaccination should be able to protect after a single dose, administered either “in ovo” or at hatching, regardless of MDA levels. Currently, two new-generation vaccines adequately satisfy such targets: vector vaccines, based on turkey herpesvirus carrying the IBDV VP2 protein, and immune complex vaccines (icx) ( 18 , 19 ). It has been shown in different comparative studies that MDA interfere with humoral response in vaccination with intermediate live vaccines but do not have any impact on immunization with HVT recombinant vector vaccines ( 2 , 20 , 21 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of live attenuated, vector and immune complex infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) vaccines in preventing field strain bursa colonization: A European multicentric study

et al. 2022

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Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is among the most relevant and widespread immunosuppressive agents, which can severely damage poultry farming by causing direct losses, predisposing the host to secondary diseases and reducing the efficacy of vaccination protocols against other infections. IBDV has thus been the object of intense control activities, largely based on routine vaccination. However, the need for protecting animals from the infection in the first period of the production cycle, when the bursa susceptibility is higher, clashes with the blanketing effect of maternally derived antibodies. To overcome this issue, other strategies have been developed besides live attenuated vaccines, including vector vaccines and immune complex (icx) ones. The present study aims to investigate, in field conditions, the efficacy of these approaches in preventing IBDV infection in laying chickens vaccinated with either live attenuated, vector or immune complex (icx) vaccines. For this purpose, a multicentric study involving 481 farms located in 11 European countries was organized and IBDV infection diagnosis and strain characterization was performed at 6 weeks of age using a molecular approach. Vaccine strains were commonly detected in flocks vaccinated with live or icx vaccines. However, a significantly higher number of field strains (characterized as very virulent IBDVs) was detected in flocks vaccinated with vector vaccines, suggesting their lower capability of preventing bursal colonization. Different from vector vaccines, live and icx ones have a marked bursal tropism. It can thus be speculated that vaccine virus replication in these sites could limit vvIBDV replication by direct competition or because of a more effective activation of innate immunity. Although such different behavior doesn't necessarily affect clinical protection, further studies should be performed to evaluate if vvIBDV replication could still be associated with subclinical losses and/or for viral circulation in a “vaccinated environment” could drive viral evolution and favor the emergence of vaccine-escape variants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of live attenuated, vector and immune complex infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) vaccines in preventing field strain bursa colonization: A European multicentric study

et al. 2022

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WITHDRAWN: Immunogenic Prospect of Immune Complex Antigen as a Substitute of Infectious Bursal Disease Vaccine

et al. 2021

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Development of an Immune Complex Vaccine against Infectious Bursal Disease Virus and its Potential Response in Poultry Birds

Sajid

Rahman

Mohsin

et al. 2022

Iran J Med Microbiol

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Background and Aim: Infectious Bursal Disease is characterized by destroying the Bursa of Fabricius (Primary lymphoid organ), where B cells mature and differentiate. The virus is very stable and resistant to physical and chemical agents, heat, and ultraviolet radiation. Thus, it persists in poultry houses for several weeks after cleaning and disinfection. The present study was designed to develop the IBD immune complex to evaluate immunoprophylactic potential. Materials and Methods:The infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) was procured from the infected Bursae collected from the disease outbreak areas of the Faisalabad District, and molecular detection was done through RT-PCR. The inactivated IBD virus was injected into the layer birds to raise egg yolk antibodies (IgY). The eggs were collected, and the yolk containing antibodies were processed to separate IgY through the ammonium sulfate precipitation method. The known quantity of antigen and antibodies were mixed to develop the immune complex (Icx) antigen. The immune response of immune complex IBD antigen was determined in rabbits. The comparative immune response of immune complex IBD antigen and IBD commercial vaccine was made in poultry birds, and the comparative mean antibody titers were determined through factorial analysis. Eighty, one day old, semi-specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were kept in four groups. Chickens were bled weekly to evaluate infectious bursal virus antibody titers by I-ELISA. All the groups were challenged with local IBD virus strain on day 28, and the Bursa to bodyweight ratios was compared after being challenged on day 35. Results:The study revealed that the antibody titers of G-III were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) than those of other groups on days 28, 35, and 42. On day 35, the Bursa to the bodyweight of group-III was significantly lower (P ≤ 0.05) than the challenged control group. Conclusion:The findings showed that the immune complex (Icx) antigen induced a strong and persistent immunogenic response in terms of antibody titer compared to a conventional live vaccine. Icx provoked better protective immunity and protected chickens against the IBD virus challenge and may be considered a substitute for the IBDV vaccine.

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Immune-Complex Infectious Bursal Disease Virus versus Live Attenuated Vaccines to Protect SPF Chicken against Very Virulent Virus Challenge

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Efficacy of live attenuated, vector and immune complex infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) vaccines in preventing field strain bursa colonization: A European multicentric study

Efficacy of live attenuated, vector and immune complex infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) vaccines in preventing field strain bursa colonization: A European multicentric study

WITHDRAWN: Immunogenic Prospect of Immune Complex Antigen as a Substitute of Infectious Bursal Disease Vaccine

Development of an Immune Complex Vaccine against Infectious Bursal Disease Virus and its Potential Response in Poultry Birds

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